Syntia Santos, M.Ed. Ph.D. Student Counseling and Counselor Education

Individual Level: “All individuals are, in some respects, like no other individuals.” Group Level: “All individuals are, in some respects, like some other individuals.” Universal Level: “All individuals are, in some respects, like all other individual.” (Sue & Sue,2003)

Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon Crisis / cultural shock Adjustment / recovery Preparation / anxiety Reentry shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning Based on Oberg (1960)

- Preparation - Curiosity - Anxiety - Expectations - Doubts - Farewells Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon Crisis /cultural shock Adjustment / recovery Preparation / anxiety Reentry shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning Based on Oberg (1960)

1. Preparation (visa, paper work, flights, housing, finances, registration). 2. Information (procedures, steps, regulations, checklists). 3. Clear goals. 4. Communication. 5. Self evaluation. 6. Open-minded attitude.

- Getting settled - Fascination - Curiosity - Anxiety - Confusion - Change Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon Crisis /cultural shock Adjustment / recovery Preparation / anxiety Reentry shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning Based on Oberg (1960)

1. Language 2. Locations 3. Organization, regulations, procedures 4. Social interactions 5. Decision Making

- Homesick - Academic challenges - Confusion - Loneliness - Anxiety - Negativity Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon Crisis /cultural shock Adjustment / recovery Preparation / anxiety Reentry shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning Based on Oberg (1960)

1. Social support 2. Understanding 3. Guidance 4. Contact with family and friends 5. Listening and learning 6. Getting to know more about the University, places, people, culture 7. Getting involve 8. Goals setting

- Learning and better understanding of self and new culture - Stability – familiarity - Satisfaction and personal growth - More stability - Better understanding - More energy and focus Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon Crisis /cultural shock Adjustment / recovery Preparation / anxiety Reentry shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning Based on Oberg (1960)

1. Decision making 2. Changes 3. Paper work 4. Anxiety 5. Readjustment 6. Re-entry 7. Expectations Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon Crisis /cultural shock Adjustment / recovery Preparation / anxiety Reentry shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning Based on Oberg (1960)

1. Information 2. Evaluation 3. Goal setting 4. Readjustments 5. Decision making 6. Change and readiness Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon Crisis /cultural shock Adjustment / recovery Preparation / anxiety Reentry shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning Based on Oberg (1960)

 Cultural Shock  Language  Academics  Family and friends  Decision making  Organization – living arrangements  Social interactions  Future planning  Adjustment

 Approachability  Visibility  Contact  Information  Resources  Guidance  Encouragement  Support  Feedback  Time

 Self Awareness (own biases, attitudes and believes).  Knowledge (exposure to cultures, open mind, information).  Skills (active listening, respect, acceptance). (Sue & Sue,2003)

Google images. Retrieved on April 13 th McGoldrick, M. (1998). Re-Visioning family therapy: Race, culture and gender in clinical practice. New York: The Guilford Press. Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2003). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice (4th ed). New York: John Wiley & sons. Torres Rivera, E. (2005). Multicultural Counseling Class, Lecture Notes.