The Gamification of Accessibility Greg Kraus University IT Accessibility Coordinator NC State University

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Gamification Gamification [n]: the use of game design elements in non-game contexts

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Accessibility is Not a Game It’s a human right It’s should just be part of their job People might get addicted to the game

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 We’re Not Talking About Wheelchairs with Lasers

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 I Never Set Out To Make A Game Guiding Principles – It takes practice to become an accessible Web developer – I am competing in a marketplace for people's attention

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Aristotle “If you want to become a major league baseball player, you cannot simply wake up one day and declare your self a baseball player, capable of hitting a curve ball. You must become habituated in the ways of being a baseball player through a lifetime of practice.”

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 How to Learn To Be a Major League Baseball Player 1.Start easy 2.Gradually build skill over time 3.Learn to see patterns and know how to react 4.Reactions become intuitive and natural 5.Practice

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Competing in a Marketplace of Demands Prioritizations – “Keeping the lights on” Production services to run and maintain – Security and Compliance This impacts everyone, not just a “small number of users” As important as you think you are, you’re not seen that way by your campus/organization

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Gaming Principles A good game… – Lets everyone play, regardless of skill level – Lets you improve skills over time – Gives you instant feedback

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Make a Game Everyone Can Play

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Accessibility is Not Fun But… – Solving a problem is fun – Seeing how you have improved and grown is fun – Admit it … winning is fun

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 This is What WCAG 2 Looks Like

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 This is What They Want

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Make a Game Everyone Can Play

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Mario Didn’t Save the Princess in World 1-1

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Prioritization 4 = fatal error, user cannot interact at all with the element 3 = significant error, user can only partially recover or it causes a significant hardship 2 = significant error, but user can usually mostly, if not fully recover 1 = minor annoyance 0 = usually can ignore

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Level 4 Missing alternative text Unlabeled form element No keyboard event for an equivalent mouse event

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Level 3 A form control has more than one label Page auto refreshes No skip to main content link

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Level 2 Spacer image does not have an alt attribute Pages have unique titles and don’t say “Untitled Document”

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Level 1 Invalid code Heading levels are skipped No titles for frames

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Level 0 No alternative content for iframes

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Demonstrate System scan/ scan/

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 When Do People Use The System? Available 24/7 year round Contests – NC State Global Accessibility Awareness Day Website Challenge (April-May) – NC State World Usability Day Website Challenge (October-November)

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 The Sales Pitch “You have 28,000 accessibility errors across 8000 pages. Your site ranks 371 out of 385. You are in the bottom 10% of all categories. Can you fix these in the next 2 weeks? Oh, and you’ve had these problems for the past 2 years.”

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 The Results Corrected 27,500 errors 40 out of 385 Top 5% in all categories “I’m co-opting your employees for my own agenda”

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Weighted Errors Corrected

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Weighted Errors Corrected With Contests

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 What We’ve Done So Far 428 Sites 115,771 Pages 1,194,565 Weighted Accessibility Errors Corrected

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Number of Sites

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Being a Good Gamemaster You can always make your game better – More frequent scanning – Historical rankings – Graphical and contextual view (WAVE)

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Tools and Resources Developed Web Accessibility Handbook – go.ncsu.edu/accessibility-handbook Readability Bookmarklet – go.ncsu.edu/readability Color Contrast Analyzer for Chrome – go.ncsu.edu/color-contrast-chrome

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Key Elements That Make This Work Anonymity, to a degree Doing part of the work for them – Setting up the scanner? – Doing the scan for them? Giving guidance on what is important Giving immediate feedback on how to fix it

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 The Limits of Gaming Automated scans only get you so far – Cannot test for everything

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Automated Tests are Only So Good alt="N.C. Sen. Daniel Blue Jr. (left) and N.C. Speaker of the House Thom Tillis were among those paying tribute to former N.C. Speaker of the House Harold Brubaker (center)." The ALT text of this image mentions a color, which isn't useful for blind users.

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Future Developments Receive bonus points for performing manual checks Get points for both – Testing if the onscreen focus is always visible – Fixing the onscreen focus problem if it exists Artificial intelligence techniques – Determine if you have an appropriate number of headings

@gdkrausgo.ncsu.edu/csun-2014 Questions?