Reconstruction Plans: Lincoln vs. Johnson

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Reconstruction Plans: Lincoln vs. Johnson September 5, 2013

Lincoln’s 10 Percent Plan (1863) Amnesty if proclaim loyalty to Union & free slaves NEED: 10% voters to proclaim loyalty & allowed to form state gov’t New state go v’t outlaw slavery Re-enter Union with full state benefits & representation in Congress GOAL: End War Congress feels 10% too lenient Congress passes Wade-Davis Bill REQUIRES: 50% loyalty oath PLUS: Iron-Clad Oath Testify never aided or abetted rebellion Oath required to VOTE and serve in state gov’t GOAL: Ensure UNIONISTS in gov’t (not Confederates) Lincoln VETOES

Andrew Johnson’s Plan: Limit Freedman’s Bureau (no 40 acres) Take loyalty oath to receive pardon for participation in rebellion And…Confederate leaders and wealthy farmers could appeal directly to Johnson for pardon 13,000 pardoned Regain citizenship & all property (except slaves) Begin voting & form state gov’t No concern for freed African Americans GOAL: Wrap up Reconstruction quickly WHO’S PLAN WOULD YOU CHOOSE? WHY OR WHY NOT?

Southern State Governments Restore Confederate leaders to POWER Black Codes Modeled off of slave codes that existed before Civil War Legalized marriage & allowed to own/ sell property NO (1) serve on jury (2) testify against white person in court (3) interracial marriage And special rules in some areas: 1. No African American in Mississippi could own/ rent farmland 2. African American criminals hired out as laborers to WHITE landowners Consequences of BLACK CODES???