Beth Kalicki Heli J. Roy, PhD, RD, MBA Pennington Biomedical Research Center 5/20/2010PBRC1

Stress is the body’s response to a physical, chemical, emotional, or environmental stress. Stress reaction includes physiological changes in the body. Stress can be short term of long term and the effects are different on the body. 5/20/2010PBRC2

 Physical: muscle tension, increased heart rate, aches and pains.  Mental: forgetfulness, poor memory, constant worry.  Emotional: anger, depression, mood swings, negative thinking.  Behavioral: compulsive eating, explosive actions, withdrawal. 5/20/2010PBRC3

 Emotional stress is  related to our feelings  linked to experiences with others  Physical Stress  is related to physical exertion  can be healthy 5/20/2010PBRC4

 Body releases a stress hormone  Results in increased:  Heart rate  Oxygen demand and breathing rate  Tensed muscles  Blood flow  Alertness 5/20/2010PBRC5

 Increased Heart Rate  Increased Blood Pressure  Increased risk of a heart attack.  Increased risk for cardiac arrhythmias 5/20/2010PBRC6

 Changes in heart rate  Increased blood pressure  Increased cholesterol level  Increased triglyceride level  Fat deposition around waist  Metabolic syndrome 5/20/2010PBRC7

 Lifestyle changes  Lack of sleep  Job  Exercise 5/20/2010PBRC8

 Eating and drinking sensibly  Remembering that it is okay to say no  Stopping smoking  Exercising regularly  Relaxing every day  Taking responsibility for your actions  Examining your values and living by them  Setting realistic goals and expectations  Reminding yourself about things that you do well  Getting adequate rest 5/20/2010PBRC9

 Some ways to prevent/manage the stress in your life include:  Avoiding situations that you know are stressful.  Exercising 30 minutes daily.  Eating a diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.  Stopping smoking.  Limiting alcohol intake.  Managing stress by having quiet time, participating in meditation, prayer, reading, yoga, and other relaxation techniques.  Bonding with family and friends.  Expressing your feelings.  Making and keeping an appointment with a physician. 5/20/2010PBRC10

 Relaxation Techniques  Becoming Sensitive to Personal Needs  Deep Muscle Relaxation  Biofeedback Training  Anxiety Management  Anger Management/Stress Inoculation Therapy 5/20/2010PBRC11

Pennington Biomedical Research Center Authors: Beth A. Kalicki Heli J. Roy, RD, PhD, MBA Division of Education Phillip Brantley, PhD, Director Pennington Biomedical Research Center Claude Bouchard, PhD, Executive Director 5/20/2010PBRC12

 The Pennington Biomedical Research Center is a world-renowned nutrition research center.  Mission:  To promote healthier lives through research and education in nutrition and preventive medicine.  The Pennington Center has several research areas, including:  Clinical Obesity Research  Experimental Obesity  Functional Foods  Health and Performance Enhancement  Nutrition and Chronic Diseases  Nutrition and the Brain  Dementia, Alzheimer’s and healthy aging  Diet, exercise, weight loss and weight loss maintenance  The research fostered in these areas can have a profound impact on healthy living and on the prevention of common chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis.  The Division of Education provides education and information to the scientific community and the public about research findings, training programs and research areas, and coordinates educational events for the public on various health issues.  We invite people of all ages and backgrounds to participate in the exciting research studies being conducted at the Pennington Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. If you would like to take part, visit the clinical trials web page at or call (225) /20/2010PBRC13

1. American Heart Association. (2009). Something to Smile About: To Avoid Stress I Just Try to Keep it Simple. Reducing Stress. Retrieved August 11, 2009, from 2. Brugg, Robert J. (2008). Heart Disease and Stress. Heart Disease Health Center. Retrieved August 12,2009, from disease/ stress-heart-attackrisk?print=true 3. Burg, Matthew, PhD., et al. (2009). Stress Behavior and Heart Disease. How to Lower Your Risk of Heart Disease, Burke, Alison E. (2007). Acute Emotional Stress and the Heart. Journal of the American Medical Association, 298, (3), DeNoon, Daniel J. (2009). Stress Raises Belly Fat, Heart Risks. Heart Disease Health Center. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from heart-disease/news/ /stress-ups-belly-fat-heart-risks 5/20/2010PBRC14