The Strategic Management of Information Technology Chapter 1 Introduction
Before the Organization Individual Farms
The Traditional Organization
The Organization as One
The Traditional Hierarchy/ Organizational Demands Globalization Economics Process Individual
Technological Change Drivers Point of Purchase Displays Scanning Devices Networking Telecommunications
Technological Change Drivers Point of Purchase Displays o Expedite Selling Practice o Record Sales at Individual Level
Technological Change Drivers Scanning Devices o Customer Information o Promotional Tracking
Technological Change Drivers Networking Telecommunications o Internet o Local Area Networks o Video Conferencing
The Organization on its Head Globalization Economics Process Individual Immanuel Kant
Key Organizational Measures o Cost, Revenue, Profit, Investment Center o Strategic Business Unit o Critical Success Factors o Core Competencies
Key Organizational Methods o Right Sizing o Reengineering o Business Process Redesign PlanDesignImplementMaintain
Approach l Key MIS Trend –Organizational Rationale –Technological Driver Strategic MIS Organization Technology
Inductive Deductive General Cases Specific Rules General Cases Transference Reasoning
Sample Organizations McDonalds ServiceMaster Mrs. Fields Cookies WalMart
Key MIS Trends o Standardization o Leverage o Mass Customization o Franchise o Methodology o Modularization o Liquid Assets o Client/Server o Knowledge, Information, or Expertise Driven
l The Conscious Effort to Make all Jobs Similar, Routinized, and Interchangeable Key MIS Trends Standardization
l Move all tasks to the lowest possible individual in terms of level and cost Key MIS Trends Leverage
l Focus all products and services on the specific customer Key MIS Trends Mass Customization
l The Organization has become a small central office with many autonomous, but identically-structured units Key MIS Trends Franchise
l Methodology tells the user the steps to take in the process Key MIS Trends Methodology Methodology
l Rather than be constructed at the most granular level, projects are completed using sections of code Key MIS Trends Modularization
Liquid vs. Fixed Assets Key MIS Trends l Focus on Liquid Assets, Reducing Fixed Assets
Client/Server l Enables data to be stored at organizational, group, and individual levels. Key MIS Trends
l Rather than work in a hierarchy, workers develop a particular expertise and are constantly reassembled to provide their expertise to a project Key MIS Trends Knowledge, Information, or Expertise-Driven Knowledge Information Expertise
Key MIS Trends Implications Organizational Architecture Data Architecture Communications Architecture Programming Languages FortranCobol C PL/1 Statistical Analysis Minitab SPSSSAS PowerBuilder Visual BasicLotus Notes KnowledgeWare Systems Architecture, Design, and Operations Management Information Systems Microsoft/Lotus Suite of Products User-Directed Toolset Internet