Welcome to IST 210: Organization of Data

Teaching Team Zihan Zhou TA: Jian-Syuan Wong Office hour: 3-4pm Monday or by appointment Office: 320 IST Building TA: Jian-Syuan Wong Office hour: 3:45-4:45pm Thursday Location: 321D IST Building IST210

Course Website Log into your ANGEL You will see all course information on wikispace IST210

Why Should You Take This Course? It is required! Pre-requisite for other advanced courses Why did IST make this course required? Importance in organizing data, information, and knowledge Database User Interface Information Privacy IST210

Organization of the data is important Have you ever thought about how the data is organized behind these systems? Class schedule system: http://schedule.psu.edu Online shopping system: www.amazon.com Huge amount of data need to be well organized: we need a database to efficiently and accurately modify and query the data UPS Technology IST210

Organization of the data is important Web 2.0 http://www.youtube.com Web 1.0 vs. Web 2.0 How to deliver Web-2.0 services? The central piece -- database Manage complicated data Youtube.com: video clips, users, comments, tags, … Facebook.com: profiles, photos, music, comments, … User interface Web service: search and data retrieval IST210

Using Data for Competitive Advantage Success of companies relies on Data: Wall Street companies Flow of data: FedEx and UPS Capabilities to extract information from data “What Wal-Mart Knows About Customers' Habits” "And the pre-hurricane top-selling item was _______.“ -- Linda M. Dillman, Wal-Mart's chief information officer beer IST210

What is This Course About? Database An effective and efficient way to organize data Key issues that will be covered in this course How to design a database? Relational Database, E-R Diagram How to query a database? SQL How to build a website connecting with database? HTML, PHP, web server… Examples of course projects in previous classes http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCLTMn5zyFv-AZ3-gxwj-OxA/videos IST210

How Will This Course Be Taught? Classes 11:15 AM – 12:05 AM Monday, Wednesday and Friday in IST Room 110 Lecture, discussion, in-class exercise, projects Lab 2:30 PM – 3:45 PM Wednesday in IST Room 202 Programming, projects Semester-long project Group project on an idea developed by your group. IST210

Readings for Lectures Textbook: Database Concepts by Kroenke & Auer/ Pearson/ 978-0132742924, 6th edition Additional readings will be provided – always check the latest schedule on course website! Previous editions: content should be similar, assignments might be different IST210

In Classes Attendance Attendance is required for every class! Attendance check: 5% in final grading Quiz in class (for attendance check only) If you are not able to attend class with reasonable excuse, instructor or TA should be notified before class Class rule: Computers will be taken control during lecture time IST210

After Classes Study groups strongly encouraged Discuss general approaches, not the way to solve the problems Assignments and exams should be finished independently Project will be carried as a team (4 persons) Keep track of up-to-date IT news and events See how they can be related to this course IST210

Labs Led by TA Individual programming exercises Team project Programming, projects Individual programming exercises Only 5% in final grading Team project A website connecting with database IST210

Project A web-based database system to demonstrate what you have learnt Data organization to facilitate Information access Information organization and management Innovation is strong encouraged! Group will be assigned based on your technical backgrounds Finish the survey on ANGEL before next class! Group size: 4 students IST210

Project (cont.) Five stage progress reports One final report Each has a very specific problem related to the project One final report Put all progress reports together Make changes based on suggestions from TA and me Include the final result of your design Screen shots of your service URL pointing to your database Final in-class presentation IST210

Project (cont.) Database design Coding is an integral part of the class PHP: HyperText Preprocessor HTML: HyperText Markup Language Templates and examples will be provided No coding experience Work hard Start early Don’t panic, we will help you come to office hour and come to the lab! IST210

Coding in Fun IST210

Grading Homework: 15% Exams: 40% = 15% (Midterm) + 25% (Final) Project: 35% Lab: 5% Class attendance: 5% IST210

Grading: Homework Total five homework assignments: 3%*5 = 15% Due: one week after an assignment is given Must submit online through ANGEL before deadline Cut-off time on ANGEL: midnight Strict late submission penalty After the deadline but less than 24 hours: penalized 10% More than 24 hours but less than 48 hours late: penalized 30% No submissions are accepted more than 48 hours late Independent work! Do not exchange your answers with your classmates! Do not search for solutions online! IST210

Grading: Exam Midterm (15%): Chapter 1-3 Final Exam (25%): Everything we covered in class, with more focus on Chapter 4-5 IST210

Grading: Project Group grade 3% for each progress report (total 15%) 10% for the final report 10% for the final presentation Individual adjustment For each report: 30% is related to individual contribution and involvement. Done your part of work: 15% Participation: 15% IST210

Some Challenges You Will Face … Programming HTML, PHP, SQL Do not worry about grading if zero experience 5% lab Programming in projects are done as a team No programming in assignments, midterm exam and final Individual homework assignments Some are time-consuming Make good use of the office hours Team project This project is not something you can finish within 3 days, not even 3 weeks! Team work is the key. IST210

Policy Academic Integrity University policy Individual assignments must be completed independently. Students are strongly encouraged to form study groups and to learn from peer students. However, discussion on homework questions in study group should be limited to general approaches to solutions. Specific answers should never be discussed. Penn State's policy regarding Academic Integrity must be followed. University policy http://www.psu.edu/dept/oue/aappm/R-6.html IST210

Question? IST210

Chapter 1. Introduction to Database IST210

Purpose of a Database The purpose of a database is to keep track of things Unlike a list or spreadsheet, a database may store information that is more complicated than a simple list IST210

Mini Case You are designing our course selection system What aspects you need to store a record? Student ID, Student Name, Student's Department, Email CourseID, Instructor, CourseName , Location What questions (i.e. queries) will users ask? Student: What class I have registered for this semester? Instructor: How many students are registered and what are their backgrounds? What tool would you use to manage the data? Excel? IST210

An Example List Can you see any potential problem when using this list? IST210

Problems with Lists: Redundancy In a list, each row is intended to stand on its own. As a result, the same information may be entered several times If there are 40 students taking IST210, class information like “CourseID” will be entered 40 times. IST210

Problems with Lists: Multiple Themes In a list, each row may contain information on more than one theme. As a result, needed information may appear in the lists only if information on other themes is also present Student info Course info IST210

List Modification Issues Redundancy and multiple themes create modification problems Deletion problems Update problems Insertion problems IST210

List Modification Issues: Delete Delete: Kate drops 230 Problem: Information about Kate AND IST 230 will be lost IST210

List Modification Issues: Update Update: IST210 Location Changed Problem: Need to update multiple rows IST210

List Modification Issues: Insert Insert: A new course with no student registered yet IST210

List Modification Issues: Insert Insert: A new course with no student registered yet Problem: blank cells for student information IST210

A Long List to Several Small Lists Two themes: Student, Course INFORMATION LOSS! Registration information is not in Student and Course tables IST210

A Long List to Several Small Lists Two themes: Student, Course PROBLEMS! One cell does NOT allow multiple values. (IMPORTANT! This rule is strictly enforced in database.) IST210

A Long List to Several Small Lists Three themes: two entities and one relationship Course Entity Student Entity Student-Course Relationship IST210

A Long List to Several Small Lists Student Revisit previous issues: Insert: A new student not taking any class Update: IST210 location changed Delete: Kate drops 230 Course Key points in splitting: 1. A table must be connected with other table(s) through shared column(s) Student  (StudentID)  Registration Course  (CourseID)  Registration 2. One cell can only have one value Registration Use above criteria to check whether you split the tables correctly! IST210

Exercise What are the problems with this table. Split it into multiple tables. Check whether you split the table correctly. IST210

Next Class on Wednesday Introduction to data and database (cont.) HTML basics Lab exercise after class: IST webspace and a simple personal webpage IST210

Remember Complete Programming Skill Survey on ANGEL! IST210