Controlling Lead-Based Paint Hazards Chapter 5 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

Learning Objectives u In this Chapter you will learn about ü Title X ü Where is lead a hazard ü Who reduces lead hazards ü Lead paint abatement ü Interim controls ü Special cleaning techniques ü O&M programs 2

Reducing Lead-Based Paint Hazards u Lead dust is the most common cause of lead poisoning in children. u Title X—Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992—was designed to reduce lead-based paint hazards. 3

What is a LBP Hazard? u Any condition that causes enough exposure to lead to cause ill health u Six situations where lead is a hazard ü Deteriorated LBP ü LBP on friction surfaces ü LBP on impact surfaces ü Lead-painted surfaces that a child can chew on ü Lead-contaminated dust ü Lead-contaminated soil 4

Where is LBP Found? u Public and private buildings constructed before 1978, including ü Homes ü Schools ü Libraries ü Hospitals u Bridges and other steel structures 10

Who Reduces LBP Hazards? u Certified small and large contractors u Community organizations and tenant associations u Public employees u Homeowners u Contractors, supervisors, and workers 8

How Will Lead Hazards Be Reduced? u Title X provides a detailed plan for reducing lead hazards ü Standards developed by EPA, HUD, and OSHA ü Public education ü Pre-renovation notification ü Notification and Disclosure Rule ü Certification requirements 14

Title X: Two-Step Plan for Reducing Lead Hazards u Evaluate lead hazards ü Which homes take priority? ü Who might get poisoned? ü How can lead hazards be minimized? u Reduce lead hazards ü Abatement vs. interim controls 15

Abatement... … is a set of actions that permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards ü Replacement ü Removal ü Enclosure and encapsulation ü Cleanup of lead dust ü Removal or permanent covering of lead- contaminated soil ü Site preparation and cleanup ü Waste disposal ü Final inspections and clearance testing 16

Interim Controls are actions that reduce a lead hazard temporarily ü Education programs ü Special cleaning methods ü Repairs, repainting, and maintenance 17

Interim Control Plan for a House u These actions can reduce lead exposure in a home ü Do a special cleaning ü Do small repairs to windows to reduce lead dust ü Wet scrape edges and loose paint ü Wash entire house with cleaning solution again ü Have clearance dust wipe testing done by a certified inspector or risk assessor ü Repaint wet-scraped surfaces with non- lead-based paint 19 Lead Cleaner

In-Place Management u Needed whenever interim controls are used and lead-based painted surfaces remain u Can help prevent lead poisoning 20 LBP Management Kit

In-place management should include: Education Training Written program Lead program manager Ongoing monitoring Recordkeeping

Holistic Approach to Lead Hazard Control u Lead work should always be part of the maintenance approach u Long term maintenance issues should be considered 22

Special Cleaning Methods u Should be used when working with lead-based painted surfaces u Can be used alone to control lead dust u Must be used with abatement methods u Should be used with interim control methods u Two methods work well ü HEPA vacuums ü All-purpose cleaners or lead-specific cleaners 23

Use of HEPA Vacuums u Lightly mist area with water to minimize dust levels u Move slowly u Vacuum all surfaces u Use special attachments u Maintain the vacuum in good condition 24

Wet Cleaning u Some detergents contain TSP (trisodium phosphate) u Other special cleaners 27 Lead Cleaner

The Four-Step System u Step 1: Spray or pour on the cleaning solution u Step 2: Wash surfaces with cleaning solution u Step 3: Squeeze out dirty rag or mop head u Step 4: Rinse the surfaces Remember to repeat the HEPA vacuum process! 30