VSEPR and Molecular Geometry

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Presentation transcript:

VSEPR and Molecular Geometry Hemoglobin

Models Models are attempts to explain how nature operates on the microscopic level based on experiences in the macroscopic world. Models can be physical as with this DNA model Models can be mathematical Models can be theoretical or philosophical

Fundamental Properties of Models A model does not equal reality. Models are oversimplifications, and are therefore often wrong. Models become more complicated as they age. We must understand the underlying assumptions in a model so that we don’t misuse it.

VSEPR Model (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) The structure around a given atom is determined principally by minimizing electron pair repulsions.

Predicting a VSEPR Structure Draw Lewis structure. Put pairs as far apart as possible. Determine positions of atoms from the way electron pairs are shared Determine the name of molecular structure from positions of the atoms.

Steric Number 1 1 1 atom bonded to another atom Steric No. Basic Geometry 0 lone pair 1 lone pair 2 lone pairs 3 lone pairs 4 lone pairs 1 linear

Steric Number 2 2 atoms, or lone electron pairs, or a combination of the two, bonded to a central atom. Steric No. Basic Geometry 0 lone pair 1 lone pair 2 lone pairs 3 lone pairs 2 linear

Steric Number 3 3 atoms, or lone electron pairs, or a combination of the two, bonded to a central atom. Steric No. Basic Geometry 0 lone pair 1 lone pair 2 lone pairs 3 lone pairs 3 trigonal planar bent / angular linear

Steric Number 4 4 atoms, or lone electron pairs, or a combination of the two, bonded to a central atom. Steric No. Basic Geometry 0 lone pair 1 lone pair 2 lone pairs 3 lone pairs 4 tetrahedral trigonal pyramid bent / angular linear

Steric Number 5 5 atoms, or lone electron pairs, or a combination of the two, bonded to a central atom. Steric No. Basic Geometry 0 lone pair 1 lone pair 2 lone pairs 3 lone pairs 5 trigonal bipyramid sawhorse / seesaw t-shape linear

Steric Number 6 6 atoms, or lone electron pairs, or a combination of the two, bonded to a central atom. Steric No. Basic Geometry 0 lone pair 1 lone pair 2 lone pairs 3 lone pairs 6 Octahedral square pyramid square planar

pentagonal bipyramidal Steric Number 7 7 atoms, or lone electron pairs, or a combination of the two, bonded to a central atom. Steric No. Basic Geometry 0 lone pair 1 lone pair 2 lone pairs 3 lone pairs 7 pentagonal bipyramidal pentagonal pyramidal