What is it? How do you use it? Reported Speech What is it? How do you use it? Yesterday, I saw my friend Pamela! She told me that she got a promotion! ...today ...yesterday

We often use reported speech to . . . Reported Speech is the grammar we use when we want to tell another person about a conversation that took place in the past. We often use reported speech to . . . 1. Give someone a telephone message: Example: Ellen said she couldn’t come today because… 2. Tell someone news that we heard from someone else: Example: Tom told me that he and Karen got engaged! 3. To report something that happened: Example: Sam said that the other driver wasn’t paying attention and hit his car.

How to use reported speech: When we use reported speech, we are usually talking about the past. Therefore, verbs usually change to the past tense in reported speech. for example:

am / is was are were have / has had could couldn’t can / can’t become was are becomes were have / has become had could couldn’t can / can’t become would wouldn’t become will / won’t

TENSE DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH PRESENT SIMPLE We eat healthy food She said that they ate healthy food PRESENT CONTINUOUS We are eating healthy food She said that they were eating healthy food PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE We have eaten healthy food She said that they had eaten healthy food PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS We have been eating healthy food She said that they had been eating healthy food PAST SIMPLE We ate healthy food PAST CONTINUOUS We were eating healthy food She said that they had been eating healthy food PAST PERFECT SIMPLE We had eaten healthy food PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS We had been eating healthy food FUTURE SIMPLE We will eat healthy food She said that they would eat healthy food

MODAL VERBS CAN COULD MAY MIGHT MUST / HAVE TO MUST / HAD TO WILL DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH CAN COULD MAY MIGHT MUST / HAVE TO MUST / HAD TO WILL WOULD

TIME AND PLACE Now Then Today That day Tonight That night Yesterday DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH Now Then Today That day Tonight That night Yesterday The previous day / the day before Last week The previous week / the week before A __________ ago The previous ______ / the _____ before Tomorrow The following day / the day after / the next day Next ___________ The following ________ / the _______ after Here There This These That Those

PRONOUNS He said:"I am late" - He said he was late. he/she He said:"I am late" - He said he was late. you he/she/ they "Will you help me?" - She asked if he would help her. he/she/it it She said: "He hit me" - She said he had hit her. we I said: "We are lost" - He said they were lost. They said:"We are hungry" - They said they were hungry. us them John said: "She gave us presents" - John said she had given them presents. our their He said: "Our jobs are at risk" - He said their jobs were at risk. his/hers/its She said: "It's hers" - She said that it was hers.

Reported speech typically uses the following structure: Someone said (that) … Sentence, past OR Someone told me (that) … Sentence,past However, in English, you can NEVER say Someone said me . . .

Examples of reporting what someone said . . . I talked to Sandra yesterday. She was telling me about her job. Her job is quite stressful. Sandra said: “I’m not happy at my job anymore. I think I’ll quit.”

Sandra said, “I’m not happy at my job anymore. I think I’ll quit. Now you want to tell someone else what Sandra said. In this situation, it’s natural to use reported speech: You can say: Sandra told me that she happy at her job anymore and she she quit. wasn't thought would

Tim said that he had worked really hard today. When a person told you something in the past tense, you can use either the past tense or the past perfect after the “said” phrase. Example: Tim said: “I worked really hard today.” Tim said that he worked really hard today. past tense Tim said that he had worked really hard today. past perfect tense

Examples for practice: 1. Shawn said: “I don’t feel like going to the movies tonight.” Reported speech: Shawn said that he didn’t feel like going to the movies tonight. 2. Tina said: “My sister is coming to visit me soon.” Tina told me that her sister was coming to visit her soon. be careful with pronouns!

“I’ll always be available for your students.” . . . And more examples: 3. The counselor said: “I’ll always be available for your students.” Reported speech: The counselor said that she would always be available for my students. 4. The students said: “We want to do oral presentations in class so we can practice speaking more. The students told me that they wanted to do oral presentations so they could practice speaking more.

Do you understand reported speech better NOW than you did BEFORE? Congratulations! Keep practicing!!! And please . . . ask if you need assistance!