Novelties On The Internet Technology and Services Budi Rahardjo Institut Teknologi Bandung Presented at “Techno Pre-Eminence 10 th Conference & Exhibition 2004” (TPE-2004), RISTI, PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia, December 2 nd 2004

Budi Rahardjo 2TPE 2004 Internet Wonders IEEE Spectrum – November 2004 asked 40 Tech Gurus: “Most important technology of the last 40 years”. Answers: IEEE Spectrum – November 2004 asked 40 Tech Gurus: “Most important technology of the last 40 years”. Answers: Integrated Circuits Integrated Circuits Internet Internet Computers Computers Technology that has evolved in a surprising ways: Technology that has evolved in a surprising ways: Internet Internet Cellular Cellular

Budi Rahardjo 3TPE 2004 History of the Internet Started as a research network, ARPANET Started as a research network, ARPANET Grew to cover research and education entities Grew to cover research and education entities (Thus, it is mind boggling when somebody said “internet for education”.) (Thus, it is mind boggling when somebody said “internet for education”.) Then, 1990s, become accessible to public and commerce. All hell breaks loose! Then, 1990s, become accessible to public and commerce. All hell breaks loose!

Budi Rahardjo 4TPE 2004 History of the Internet (part 2) Future: Internet Protocol (IP) becoming public “utility”, ubiquitous / pervasive Future: Internet Protocol (IP) becoming public “utility”, ubiquitous / pervasive Difficult to find the right business model, especially when it has become public utility Difficult to find the right business model, especially when it has become public utility Internet2 (back to square one)? Internet2 (back to square one)?

Budi Rahardjo 5TPE 2004 History of Internet Applications (still the most popular applications) (still the most popular applications) File transfer (FTP) File transfer (FTP) Information system (gopher, WAIS, etc.) Information system (gopher, WAIS, etc.) Hyper information system (WWW, portal, [weblog] blog, virtual desktop) Hyper information system (WWW, portal, [weblog] blog, virtual desktop)

Budi Rahardjo 6TPE 2004 BLOG

Budi Rahardjo 7TPE 2004 History of Internet Applications: Multimedia Apps Multimedia applications Multimedia applications Streaming audio & video Streaming audio & video Games / entertainment Games / entertainment VoIP, MoIP VoIP, MoIP (Voice over Bluetooth?) (Voice over Bluetooth?)

Budi Rahardjo 8TPE 2004 GAMES TANTRA

Budi Rahardjo 9TPE 2004 History of Internet Applications: Peer To Peer Applications P2P applications (file sharing / exchange, multimedia exchange) P2P applications (file sharing / exchange, multimedia exchange) Bandwidth hungry Bandwidth hungry Legal aspect? Legal aspect? What kind of business model? What kind of business model?

Budi Rahardjo 10TPE 2004 History of Internet Devices Computer terminals Computer terminals Personal computers, portable notebooks Personal computers, portable notebooks Cellular phones and PDA. Mobile devices Cellular phones and PDA. Mobile devices Internet-enabled devices (coffee maker, toaster, refrigerators, TiVo) Internet-enabled devices (coffee maker, toaster, refrigerators, TiVo) Next? … ATM machines, embedded systems Next? … ATM machines, embedded systems

Budi Rahardjo 11TPE 2004 Technology Drivers Computer Technology Computer Technology Moore’s law: complexity doubles every 18 months Moore’s law: complexity doubles every 18 months Good enough Good enough Storage Technology Storage Technology Increases 3 times / year Increases 3 times / year Good enough Good enough Network Technology Network Technology Increase in speed, lower in price Increase in speed, lower in price But … new bandwidth-hungry applications. The need for (more) speed! But … new bandwidth-hungry applications. The need for (more) speed!

Budi Rahardjo 12TPE 2004 Internet “Governance” No centralized management (?). Responsibilities are distributed (e.g. IP allocation, DNS). No centralized management (?). Responsibilities are distributed (e.g. IP allocation, DNS). What about ENUM? What about ENUM? ICANN vs. ITU ICANN vs. ITU Communities Communities Co-operation and collaboration are the keys Co-operation and collaboration are the keys Open standards based on consensus (e.g. RFC) Open standards based on consensus (e.g. RFC) Open forum to discuss technical aspects Open forum to discuss technical aspects Caught Government off guard Caught Government off guard Still trying to find the best Internet governance model Still trying to find the best Internet governance model

Budi Rahardjo 13TPE 2004 IP “Problems” IP (v4, that is) is not the best protocol, but good enough. IP (v4, that is) is not the best protocol, but good enough. No guarantee. No QoS. No guarantee. No QoS. (Sometimes) it is difficult to predict the quality. (Sometimes) it is difficult to predict the quality. Solution? Solution? Many “managed” solutions have failed to gain popularity. For example: Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). Would MPLS have the same fate? Many “managed” solutions have failed to gain popularity. For example: Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). Would MPLS have the same fate? Just throw in more bandwidth if you need more. Bandwidth is “cheap”. Just throw in more bandwidth if you need more. Bandwidth is “cheap”.

Budi Rahardjo 14TPE 2004 IP “Problems” IP (v4) has no built in security IP (v4) has no built in security Solution? Solution? Add band-aid / patched security solutions. Good enough. Add band-aid / patched security solutions. Good enough. Security built in applications, instead Security built in applications, instead Would IP v6 help? Maybe … but need more IPv6 devices Would IP v6 help? Maybe … but need more IPv6 devices

Budi Rahardjo 15TPE 2004 Problems vs. Opportunities But, IP is so pervasive. Everybody uses it. You cannot escape from it. Mind as well build opportunities around it. But, IP is so pervasive. Everybody uses it. You cannot escape from it. Mind as well build opportunities around it. How to unlock the opportunities behind IP business … ? How to unlock the opportunities behind IP business … ?

Budi Rahardjo 16TPE 2004 Summary The Internet is here and will continue to grow with The Internet is here and will continue to grow with New applications and technologies New applications and technologies New innovations New innovations Still trying to find Still trying to find the right (Internet) governance model the right (Internet) governance model the right business model the right business model

Budi Rahardjo 17TPE 2004 … the Internet … The most important technology for the last 40 years? The most important technology for the last 40 years? THE INTERNET THE INTERNET The most important technology in the next decade The most important technology in the next decade THE INTERNET THE INTERNET Technology that has evolved in a surprising way Technology that has evolved in a surprising way THE INTERNET THE INTERNET