THE L98A2 CADET GENERAL PURPOSE RIFLE

LESSON 1 - GENERAL DESCRIPTION, SAFETY & SIGHTS 2

WEAPON HANDLING ALWAYS SAFETY FIRST!

RULES FOR THE SAFE HANDLING OF WEAPONS THE FOLLOWING RULES APPLY, AT ALL TIMES, TO THE HANDLING OF WEAPONS: A. A WEAPON MUST NEVER BE POINTED AT ANYONE IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCES. B. A WEAPON MUST ALWAYS BE HANDLED IN SUCH A WAY THAT THERE IS NO DANGER OF A ROUND BEING ACCIDENTALLY FIRED. C. THE MUZZLE OF A WEAPON MUST NEVER BE RESTED AGAINST ANY PART OF THE BODY. D. WHENEVER A WEAPON IS PICKED UP WHICH HAS NOT BEEN UNDER AN INDIVIDUAL’S DIRECT SUPERVISION, IT MUST BE EXAMINED TO MAKE SURE THAT IT IS NOT LOADED.

RULES FOR THE SAFE HANDLING OF WEAPONS THE FOLLOWING RULES APPLY, AT ALL TIMES, TO THE HANDLING OF WEAPONS: E. WHENEVER A WEAPON IS HANDED OVER, THE RECIPIENT MUST FIRST BE SHOWN THAT IT IS UNLOADED. F. A WEAPON MUST BE IN THE UNLOADED STATE PRIOR TO TRAVELLING IN A VEHICLE OR DURING NON-TACTICAL MOVES ON FOOT. CADETS MUST NEVER BE ALLOWED TO FIRE A WEAPON UNLESS THEY HAVE BEEN INSTRUCTED AND PRACTISED IN ITS USE AND HAS PASSED A 6 MONTHLY WEAPON HANDLING TEST. A PERIOD OF REVISION SHOULD BE CONDUCTED ON THE APPROPRIATE WEAPON PRIOR TO LIVE FIRING. SAFETY STAFF WILL SUPERVISE WEAPON HANDLING DURING FIRING. 5

THE L98A2 CADET GENERAL PURPOSE RIFLE It is the standard weapon of used by cadets and you must become skilled in its use to enable you to pass you Weapon Handling Test, Shooting Tests and whilst at the same time handle it safely amongst your fellow cadets. 6

CHARACTERISTICS Magazine fed weapon which is capable of firing single rounds producing: Quick and accurate fire at short range opportunity targets. A high rate of accurate, rapid fire at ranges up to 300m and accurate deliberate fire at longer ranges. A number of individual parts including the magazine, which holds 30 rounds, are also common to the Light Support Weapon (LSW) With its self loading capability and a 30 round magazine, a high standard of fire control is necessary to prevent wastage of ammunition. IT IS ONLY TO BE FIRED FROM THE RIGHT SHOULDER

PARTS OF THE L98A2

PARTS OF THE L98A2

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS NORMAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS (NSP) Must be carried out: At the beginning and end of every lesson, practice or range period Immediately on returning from a patrol or other exercise or duty, and when handing a rifle over to another cadet.

‘FOR INSPECTION - PORT ARMS’ FROM LOW PORT POSITION ADVANCE THE LEFT FOOT AND BRING THE RIFLE TO HORIZONTAL POSITION CHECK SAFETY IS ON SAFE TILT WEAPON SLIGHTLY TO THE RIGHT AND COCK THE WEAPON HOLD THE WORKING PARTS OPEN TO INSPECT THE WEAPON, OR WHEN IT IS INSPECTED BY OTHERS PUSH IT FORWARD AND TILT IT LEFT 11

‘FOR INSPECTION - PORT ARMS’ ENSURE THE BODY, CHAMBER AND FACE OF THE BOLT ARE CLEAR OF AMMUNITION OR OBSTRUCTIONS. ON COMMAND “EASE SPRINGS” ALLOW WORKING PARTS FORWARD SIGHTS UP, 7. SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE 8. FIRE AIMED SHOT IN A SAFE DIRECTION 9. APPLY SAFETY CATCH 10.SIGHTS DOWN, DUST COVER 12

HANDING OVER A WEAPON IF NO MAGAZINE IS ATTACHED CHECK SAFETY CATCH IS ON. PERFORM NORMAL SAFETY PRECAUTION (NSP) SHOW THE RECIPIENT OF THE WEAPON THAT THE CHAMBER IS CLEAR ONCE THE RECEIVING PERSON IS HAPPY THE WEAPON IS CLEAR COMPLETE THE NSP HAND OVER THE WEAPON NEVER POINT THE WEAPON AT ANYONE IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCE

FITTING THE SLING 14

THE IRON SIGHTS 15

FITTING THE IRON SIGHTS 16

FITTING THE IRON SIGHTS 17

LESSON 2 - STRIPPING & ASSEMBLING 18

STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN • IT IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY TO ENSURE TH WEAPON YOU ARE ISSUED IS SERVICEABLE THE SEQUENCE FOR STRIPPING AND ASSEMBLING IS LAID DOWN IN ORDER TO PREVENT DAMAGE TO THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS. THE WEAPON MUST NEVER BE STRIPPED FURTHER THAN YOU HAVE BEEN TAUGHT. IF YOU NOTICE ANY DAMAGE OR DEFECTS YOU MUST REPORT IT TO THE SSI ON RETURNING THE WEAPON TO THE ARMOURY 19

STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN • CARRY OUT NSPS BUT DO NOT OPERATE TRIGGER OR CLOSE THE DUST COVER • LEAVE SAFETY CATCH AT S • ENSURE WEAPON IS UPSIDE DOWN AND HORIZONTAL • FULLY WITHDRAW THE REAR TMH PIN, THEN PUSH IT BACK 5MM UNTIL YOU HEAR A CLICK • FULLY WITHDRAW FRONT TMH PIN • REMOVE TMH BY PULLING THE BUTT UP 20

STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN • SEPARATE AWAY FROM RIFLE • PLACE HAND OVER RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY • FULLY WITHDRAW THE REAR TMH LOCKING PIN (CUP HAND OVER END) • REMOVE ROD ASSEMBLY BUT DO NOT REMOVE SPRING FROM RODS • SLIDE COCKING HANDLE TO THE REAR AND OFF • REMOVE BOLT CARRIER 21

STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN • LIFT UP THE COVER TO THE GAS PARTS REMOVE THE GAS PISTON AND SPRING REMOVE THE GAS CYLINDER REMOVE THE GAS PLUG (The combination tool can be used to push the press stud down) MAKE SURE THE PRESS STUD REMAINS AT THE 9 O’CLOCK POSITION. 22

STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN 23

ASSEMBLY • FIT THE GAS PLUG FIT THE GAS CYLINDER (this will be lose so hold on to it) FIT THE GAS PISTON AND SPRING SLOT INTO THE GAS CYLINDER CLOSE THE COVER TO THE GAS PARTS 24

ASSEMBLY • INSERT BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND ATTACH COCKING HANDLE • WITH REAR TMH PIN FULLY WITHDRAWN , INSERT RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY • ENSURE BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY IS CENTRAL AND PRESS DOWN ON SPRING ASSEMBLY AND ALLOW REAR TMH PIN TO BE INSERTED 5MM (ONE CLICK) • CHECK FRONT TMH PIN FULLY WITHDRAWN 25

ASSEMBLY • FIT TMH • FULLY ENGAGE BOTH LOCKING PINS • PERFORM A FUNCTIONS TEST 26

FUNCTIONS TEST PRONE POSITION CHECK SAFETY CATCH IS ON SAFE SIGHTS UP COCK THE WEAPON PULL THE TRIGGER WITH SAFETY CATCH ON SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE FIRE OFF THE ACTION 27

FUNCTIONS TEST HOLD TRIGGER DOWN COCK THE WEAPON RELEASE THE TRIGGER (Hear hammer engaging main sear) FIRE OF THE ACTION SAFETY ON DUST COVER UP 28

STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE MAGAZINE SHOULD BE STRIPPED AND CLEANED IF THEY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO CONDITIONS LIKELY TO PRODUCE A BUILD UP OF MUD, SAND OR RUST 29

STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE HOLD THE MAGAZINE WITH THE BOTTOM PLATE UPPER MOST USE THE COMBINATION TOOL TO DEPRESS THE BASE OF THE SPRING LOCATED IN THE MIDDLE OF THE BOTTOM PLATE. SLIDE TO THE REAR UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE FRONT OF THE PLATE DISENGAGES FROM THE SLOT IN THE MAGAZINE BODY. 30

STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE RELEASE THE PRESSURE ON THE SPRING UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE REAR OF THE PLATE IS FREE FROM ITS SLOT IN THE MAGAZINE BODY. REMOVE THE BOTTOM PLATE THE SPRING AND PLATFORM MAY NOW BE CAREFULLY FED OUT OF THE BOTTOM OF THE MAGAZINE 31

STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE THE PLATFORM MUST NEVER BE REMOVED FROM THE SPRING. IF THE SPRING COMES LOOSE FROM THE PLATFORM IT MUST BE REPLACED CORRECTLY OR STOPPAGES WILL OCCUR THE BOTTOM LOOP ON THE SPRING MUST BE LOCATED UNDER THE TWO LUGS ON THE INSIDE OF THE PLATFORM AND NOT TO ONE SIDE 32

ASSEMBLING THE MAGAZINE ENSURE THE PLATFORM IS POINTED IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION. INSERT THE SPRING INTO THE MAGAZINE BODY PRESS THE SPRING IN UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE REAR OF THE BOTTOM PLATE CAN ENGAGE IN ITS SLOT IN THE BODY USING THE COMBINATION TOOL DEPRESS THE BASE OF THE SPRING TO ENABLE THE BOTTOM PLATE TO SLIDE FORWARD UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE FRONT OF THE PLATE ENGAES THE SLOT IN THE MAGAZINE BODY. 33

ASSEMBLING THE MAGAZINE IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE BOTTOM OF THE PLATE IS CORRECTLY ENGAGED. FAILURE TO DO THIS WILL RESULT IN STOPPAGES MAGAZINES SHOULD ONLY BE STRIPPED AND CLEANED IF THEY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO CONDITIONS LIKELY TO PRODUCE A BUILD UP OF SAND, MUD AND RUST 34

LESSON 3 - MAGAZINE FILLING, SIGHT SETTING, LOAD, UNLOAD, MAKE SAFE & SAFE HANDLING 35

FITTING A DEPRESSOR 36

AMMUNITION RIMLESS 5.56mm CALIBRE MANUFACTURING INFO STAMPED ON THE BASE OF EACH ROUND ISSUED IN 10rnd CLIPS or BOXES OF 30rnds or 50rnds MAGAZINE CHARGERS ARE HELPFUL WHEN ISSUED CLIPPED AMMUNITION 37

TYPES OF AMMUNITION BALL AMMUNITION SMOOTH BRASS CARTRIDGE CASE JACKETED BULLET PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE 38

TYPES OF AMMUNITION BALL AMMUNITION 39

TYPES OF AMMUNITION BLANK AMMUNITION BRASS CASE NO BULLET THE END IS CRIMPED PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE 40

TYPES OF AMMUNITION BLANK AMMUNITION 41

TYPES OF AMMUNITION DRILL AMMUNITION SILVER CASE WITH GROOVES COPPER JACKETED BULLET NO PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE 42

TYPES OF AMMUNITION DRILL AMMUNITION 43

CARE OF AMMUNITION & MAGAZINES EXPOSING TO DIRECT SUN RAYS MAY REDUCE ACCURACY NEVER USE A ROUND AS A TOOL DO NOT TAMPER WITH AMMUNITION IT IS DANGEROUS AND ILLEGAL DAMAGED ROUNDS MUST NOT BE FIRED. PUT TO ONE SIDE AND HAND IN TO DIRECTING STAFF INSPECT MAGAZINE. DAMAGED MAGAZINES WILL CAUSE STOPPAGES CARRY MAGAZINES WITH PLATFORMS UPPERMOST IN POUCHES. THIS STOPS THE LIPS BEING DAMAGED WHEN WEBBING IS DROPPED. 44

FILLING MAGAZINES MAGAZINE HOLDS 30 ROUNDS IN TRAINING ONLY FILL THE MAGAZINE WITH THE NUMBER AND TYPE YOU ARE ORDERED TO TWO METHODS FOR FILLING A MAGAZINE WITH CHARGER WITHOUT CHARGER 45

FILLING MAGAZINES FILLING A MAGAZINE USING A CHARGER 46

FILLING MAGAZINES FILLING A MAGAZINE WITHOUT USING A CHARGER 47

EMPTYING MAGAZINES TWO METHODS USING A CLIP, PUSH DOWN ON EVERY SECOND ROUND USING A CLIP, PUSH THE REAR OF EACH TOP ROUND AWAY FROM THE MAGAZINE LIPS 48

SIGHT SETTING TWO APPERTURES ON THE REAR SIGHT CHANGED BY PUSHING LEAF SIGHT BACKWARDS AND FORWARDS THE SMALL APERTURE IS STAMPED 200 METRES THIS IS USED TO ENGAGE ALL TARGETS BETWEEN 0 - 300 METRES AT NIGHT SWITCH TO THE LARGER APERTURE 49

LOAD, READY & UNLOAD A WEAPON IS LOADED WHEN A MAGAZINE IS FITTED A WEAPON IS READY WHEN IT IS COCKED AND A ROUND IS IN THE CHAMBER A WEAPON IS UNLOADED WHEN THERE IS NO MAGAZINE FITTED AND THE WEAPON HAS BEEN CLEARED OF ALL AMMUNITION (NSP) 50

LOAD PRONE POSITION ENSURE SAFETY CATCH IS ON. TAKE HOLD OF LOADED MAGAZINE AND ENSURE TOP ROUNDS ARE POSITIONED CORRECTLY. PUSH MAGAZINE FIRMLY INTO THE MAGAZINE HOUSING. (Until you hear an audible click) CHECK MAGAZINE IS SECURE. 51

READY ENSURE SAFETY CATCH ON. SET SIGHTS, RANGE AS REQUIRED. COCK THE WEAPON. FORWARD ASSIST

UNLOAD APPLY SAFETY CATCH. REMOVE THE MAGAZINE. HOLD WORKING PARTS TO THE REAR SEVEN POINT CHECK OPERATE BOLT RELEASE CATCH. FORWARD ASSIST SIGHTS UP SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE. FIRE AN AIMED SHOT - (IN A SAFE DIRECTION). SAFETY CATCH TO SAFE SIGHTS DOWN. DUST COVER UP

MAKE SAFE (UNLOAD FOLLOWED BY PUTTING A NEW MAGAZINE ON) APPLY SAFETY CATCH. REMOVE THE MAGAZINE. HOLD WORKING PARTS TO THE REAR SEVEN POINT CHECK OPERATE BOLT RELEASE CATCH. FORWARD ASSIST

MAKE SAFE (UNLOAD FOLLOWED BY PUTTING A NEW MAGAZINE ON) 7. SIGHTS UP 8. SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE. 9. FIRE AN AIMED SHOT - (IN A SAFE DIRECTION). 10. SAFETY CATCH TO SAFE 11. SIGHTS DOWN. 12. DUST COVER UP 13. APPLY A NEW MAGAZINE 55

SAFE HANDLING WITH A MAGAZINE FITTED SAFETY CATCH ON UNLESS YOU ARE TOLD OTHERWISE FINGER OF THE TRIGGER UNLESS ACTUALLY FIRING RIFLE IS UNLOADED ON COMMAND OR WHEN YOU ARE UNABLE TO ENSURE ITS SAFETY e.g. WHEN LEAVING THE WEAPON IN SOMEONE ELSES CARE WHEN HANDING OVER A WEAPON ALWAYS PERFORM A FULL UNLOAD ALWAYS CARRY OUT DRILLS IN THE PRONE POSITION NEVER POINT A WEAPON AT ANYONE IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCE 56

LESSON 4 - CLEANING & MAINTENANCE 57

CLEANING & MAINTENANCE IT IS YOUR JOB TO MAINTAIN THE WEAPON THAT IS ISSUED TO YOU. LACK OF LUBRICATION IS THE GREATEST CAUSE OF STOPPAGES ENSURE OIL BOTTLES ARE KEPT FULL 58

THE CLEANING KIT 59

THE COMBINATION TOOL 60

LEVEL OF CLEANING UNIT CLEANING USED TO BRING THE WEAPON UP TO THE HIGHEST POSSIBLE STANDARD OF CLEANLINESS ACHIEVED BY CLEANING AND INSPECTION AT INTERVALS SET OUT BY THE COMMANDING OFFICER AVAILIABLITY OF SPARE PARTS MEANS FIXING WEAPONS IS NOT A PROBLEM 61

LEVEL OF CLEANING HARBOUR OR PATROL BASE CLEANING MUST STILL BE CARRIED (USING THE BUDDY BUDDY SYSTEM) SWIFT & PRACTISED DRILLS ARE REQUIRED TO ENSURE ALL PARTS ARE CLEANED PROPERLY ANY BROKEN PARTS, MISSING CLEANING KIT ITEMS OR EMPTY OIL BOTTLES MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY IN ORDER TO GET A RESUPPLY AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE 62

LEVEL OF CLEANING RANGE AND DRY TRAINING BEFORE FIRING - INSPECT THE RIFLE AND DETERMINE IF IT REQUIRES ADDITIONAL LUBRICTATION DURING FIRING - WHEN AN OPPORTUNITY EXISTS, LUBRICATE AS TAUGHT AFTER FIRING - CLEAN UP TO UNIT CLEANING STANDARD 63

CLEANING STRIP WEAPON DOWN FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEANING USE GP SOFT BRUSH TO REMOVE LOOSE DIRT WITH LIGHTLY OILED FLANNELETTE, CLEAN OUTSIDE OF WEAPON AND THEN WIPE DRY FIT CHAMBER /BARREL EXTENSION BRUSH TO ROD AND USE CLOCKWISE UNTIL CLEAN. TILT THE WEAPON SO THE MUZZLE IS POINTING UP, THIS WILL ALLOW DIRT TO FALL OUT WHEN THE CHAMBER/ BARREL EXTENSION BRUSH IS TAKEN OUT USE GP SOFT BRUSH AND FLANELETTE TO CLEAN THE INSIDE OF THE BODY WIPE THE GAS PISTON, GAS CYLINDER AND GAS PLUG CLEAN REMOVE CARBON WITH THE WIRE BRUSH, GAS BLOCK CLEANING BRUSH AND SCRAPERS ON THE COMBINATION TOOL. 64

CLEANING PULL THE BARREL THROUGH WITH A LUBRICATED BORE BRUSH PULL BARREL THROUGH WITH ALTERNATING DRY AND OILY FLANELETTE, FINISH WITH A DRY FLANELETTER ENSURE YOU ONLY PULL THE BARREL WITH ONE SQUARE OF FLANELETTE (45MM X 45MM) EXAMINE THE BARREL FOR CLEANLINESS. DRY CLEAN THE WEAPON AND EXAMINE IT FOR DAMAGE LIGHTLY OIL THE WEAPON AND MAGAZINE ASSEMBLE THE WEAPON AND PERFORM THE FUNCTIONS TEST MAGAZINES SHOULD BE STRIPPED AND DRY CLEANED. NO ABRASIVE MATERIALS SHOULD BE USED 65

INSPECTION FOR DAMAGE BOLT - CRACKS, ESPECIALLY IN THE CAM STUD RECESS AREA FIRING PIN - BENT, CRAKED, BLUNTED CAM STUD - CRACKED OR CHIPPED FIRING PIN RETAINING PIN - BENT OR BADLY WORN EXTRACTOR/ EXTRACTOR SPRING - CHIPPED OR BROKEN EDGES RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY - ROD & SPRINGS ARE NOT BENT OR DAMAGED COCKING HANDLE - CRACKS OR FRACTURES AND THAT THE LOCATING PIN IS NOT BENT OR DAMAGED TMH - DAMAGE OR WEAR. ESPECIALLY THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH, HOLDING OPEN CATCH AND SAFETY CATCH BODY - DAMAGE AND WEAR GAS PISTON AND SPRING - CRACKS, BENT OR DAMAGED GAS PLUG - CRACKS, OPERATES FREELY AND NOT BENT GAS CYLINDER - CRACKS MAGAZINE - BENT LIPS, DENTED, SPRING STRETCHED OR DISTORTED AMMUNITION - CLEAN, DRY OR DAMAGED 66

CLEANING IN THE FIELD NEVER TAKE THE WEAPON APART FULLY UNLOAD THE WEAPON APPLY THE HOLDING OPEN CATCH USE THE BARREL EXTENSION CLEANER TO OIL, CLEAN AND LIBERALLY LUBRICATE THE BARREL EXTENSION, FACE OF THE BOLT, LOCKING SPLINES AND CHAMBER PULL THROUGH THE BARREL WITH LUBRICATED AND DRY FLANELETTE REMOVE THE TMH AND USE THE GP SOFT BRUSH AND FLANELETTE TO LUBRICATE THE SAFETY CATCH, HOLDING OPEN CATCH, BOLT RELEASE CATCH AND TRIGGER MECHANISM. LUBRICATE THE RECOIL RODS, SPRING AND BOLT CARRIER WHILST STILL LOCKED IN PLACE REPLACE THE TMH AND RELOAD OPEN THE GAS ASSEMBLY TOP COVER AND REMOVE THE GAS PARTS REMOVE ANY LARGE CARBON DEPOSITS, RELUBRICATE AND ASSEMBLE 67

CLEANING IN ADVERSE CONDITIONS HEAVY RAIN AND DAMP CONDITIONS INSPECT FREQUENTLY FOR RUST CLEAN AS NORMAL DRY, SANDY OR DUSTY CONDITIONS KEEP RIFLE DRY SWEAT IN THE SUN AND WIPE CLEANAND DRY REMOVE ABY OIL THAT IS USED IN THE CLEANING PROCESS REMOVE GRIT FROM THE TMH AND MAGAZINE 68

LESSON 5 -HOLDING & AIMING IN THE PRONE POSITION 69

THE 4 MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES THE POSITION AND HOLD MUST BE FIRM ENOUGH TO SUPPORT THE WEAPON THE WEAPON MUST POINT NATURALLY AT THE TARGET WITHOUT UNDUE PHYSICAL EFFORT SIGHT ALIGNMENT AND SIGHT PICTURE MUST BE CORRECT THE SHOT MUST BE RELEASED AND FOLLOWED THROUGH WITHOUT UNDUE DISTURBANCE TO THE POSITION 70

THE 4 MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT CADETS ARE CAPABLE OF FIRING THEIR RIFLE ACCURATELY AND INSTICTIVELY UNDER ALL CONDITIONS. APPLYING THE MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES CAN BEST HELP ACHIEVE THIS APPLYING THE MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES DEMANDS CONCENTRATION AND ALSO A DETERMINATION TO SHOOT WELL THE FIRST 3 PRINCIPLES WILL BE COVERED IN THIS LESSON 71

THE PRONE UNSUPPORTED POSITION GIVES THE FIRER GOOD SUPPORT PRESENTS A SMALL TARGET TO THE ENEMY IS THE LEAST TIRING TWO VARIATIONS TO THE POSITION 72

THE PRONE UNSUPPORTED POSITION ALIGNMENT ON THE TARGET OPEN LEGS UNTIL FEET ARE SHOULDER WIDTH APART TOES POINTING OUTWARDS HEELS ON THE GROUND ENSURE THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE BODY AND LEG IS IN LINE WITH THE RIFLE. THIS WILL GIVE MAXIMUM SUPPORT AND REDUCE THE RECOIL EFFECT. POSITION 2 ADJUST BODY SO THAT IT IS ANGLED SLIGHTLY TO THE LEFT OF THE LINE OF FIRE OPEN LEGS AND ENSURE LEFT LEG IS IN LINE WITH THE BODY 73

LESSON 6 - FIRING IN THE PRONE POSITION 74

LESSON 7 - FIRING DRILLS 75

LESSON 8 - MECHANISM OF THE WEAPON, IMMEDIATE ACTION & STOPPAGES 76

BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE WHEN THE SAFETY CATCH IS ON S THE TRIGGER CAN NOT BE FULLY OPERATED WHEN THE SAFETY CATCH IS MOVED TO F AND THE TRIGGER IS PRESSED, THE HAMMER IS RELEASED AND HITS THE REAR OF THE FIRING PIN. THE FIRING PIN IS DRIVEN FORWARD ONTO THE PERCUSSION CAP IN THE CASE OF THE ROUND. THE ROUND IS FIRED AND THE GASES PRODUCED DRIVE THE BULLET UP THE BARREL SOME OF THE GAS ENTERS THE GAS BLOCK AND IS DIVERTED BY THE GAS PLUG INTO THE GAS CYLINDER.

BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE THIS DRIVES THE PISTON TO THE REAR AND COMPRESSING THE PISTON SPRING THE REAR OF THE PISTON STRIKES THE BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY, FORCING IT BACKWARDS. THE COMPRESSED PISTON SPRING RE-ASSERTS ITSELF AND DRIVES THE PISTON BACK TO ITS STARTING POSITION THE BOLT IS UNLOCKED BY THE REARWARD MOVEMENT OF THE CARRIER FORCING THE CAM STUD DOWN THE STUD SLOT AS THE CARRIER AND BOLT GO BACK THE HAMMER IS COCKED AS THEY PASS OVER IT. THE EMPTY CASE IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE CHAMBER AND EJECTED OUT OF THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT HAND SIDE. THE RETURN SPRING IS COMPRESSED AND WHEN THE BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY HITS THE BUFFER THE SPRING RE-ASSERTS ITSELF 78

BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE AS THE CARRIER AND BOLT GO BACK THE HAMMER IS COCKED AS THEY PASS OVER IT. THE EMPTY CASE IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE CHAMBER AND EJECTED OUT OF THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT HAND SIDE. THE RETURN SPRING IS COMPRESSED AND WHEN THE BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY HITS THE BUFFER THE SPRING RE-ASSERTS ITSELF AS THE BOLT IS PUSHED FORWARD IT FEEDS THE NEXT ROUND INTO THE CHAMBER THE BOLT ROTATES AND LOCKS INTO THE BARREL EXTENSION ONCE ALL PARTS ARE FULLY FORWARD AND LOCKED THE SAFETY SEAR IS RELEASED ALLOWING THE HAMMER TO MOVE TO ITS READY POSITION. THIS WILL ALSO ONLY HAPPEN WHEN THE TRIGGER IS RELEASED. 79

IMMEDIATE ACTION (IA) DRILL PERFORMED IF THE WEAPON FAILS TO FIRE AT ANY TIME APPLY THE SAFETY CATCH TILT THE WEAPON TO THE LEFT AND LOOK AT THE POSITION OF THE COCKING HANDLE ACTION DEPENDS ON WHAT IS SEEN 80

STOPPAGE DRILLS Cocking Handle Fully Forward ‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’ IA DRILL ‘The Cocking Handle Fully Forward’ FORWARD ASSIST SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE CARRY ON FIRING

STOPPAGE DRILLS Loose Magazine ‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’ IA DRILL ‘Cocking Handle Not Fully Forward - Rounds In The Magazine’ IF WEAPON STILL FAILS TO FIRE AFTER CARRYING OUT THE DRILL FOR ‘Cocking Handle Fully Forward’ HOLD WORKING PARTS OPEN

STOPPAGE DRILLS Loose Magazine IF THERE ARE ROUNDS IN THE MAGAZINE AND THE BODY AND CHAMBER ARE CLEAR… CHECK THE MAGAZINE IS FITTED CORRECTLY PUSH MAGAZINE UP INTO MAGAZINE HOUSING OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH FORWARD ASSIST SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE CARRY ON FIRING 83

STOPPAGE DRILLS Obstruction ‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’ IA DRILL ‘Obstruction’ TILT THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT HOLD THE WORKING PART TO THE REAR IF THERE IS AN OBSTRUCTION IN THE CHAMBER… REMOVE THE MAGAZINE SHAKE OBSTRUCTION OUT 84

STOPPAGE DRILLS Obstruction CHECK THAT THE CHAMBER IS CLEAR ‘Obstruction Clear’ REPLACE MAGAZINE OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH FORWARD ASSIST SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE CARRY ON FIRING 85

STOPPAGE DRILLS Empty Magazine ‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’ IA DRILL ‘Cocking Handle Fully To The Rear’ REMOVE THE EMPTY MAGAZINE REPLACE WITH A FULL MAGAZINE OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH FORWARD ASSIST SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE CARRY ON FIRING 86

STOP! APPLY THE SAFETY CATCH AND LISTEN FOR FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS 87

LESSON 9 - FIRING FROM OTHER POSITIONS 88

LESSON 10 - AIMING OFF, ALTERATION OF SIGHTS AND MISS DRILL 89

AIMING OF FOR ELEVATION AND DIRECTION WHEN SHOOTING, THE STRENGTH AND DIRECTION OF THE WIND HAVE A DIRECT INFLUENCE ON THE FLIGHT PATH OF THE BULLET. IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT YOU MAKE ALLOWANCES TO COUNTER THESE FACTORS CHANGE THE POA TO OVERCOME ANY ERRORS IN ELEVATION AND DIRECTION IF A SHOT HAS LANDED 300mm HIGH AND 100mm LEFT THEN RE AIM 300mm LOW AND 100mm RIGHT IF FIRING AT SMALL TARGETS AIM AT THE BOTTOM OF THE TARGET

AIMING OFF FOR WIND ONLY WIND BLOWING ACROSS THE FRONT AT RANGES GREATER THAN 100 METRES WILL DEFLECT THE BULLET SIGNIFICANTLY AIM OFF TO ALLOW FOR THIS YOU CAN DETERMINE THE WIND STRENGTH AND DIRECTION FROM ITS EFFECTS ON FLAGS, TREES AND BUSES FRESH WIND WIND HAS APPRECIABLE EFFECT ON BUSHES AND THIN BRANCHES OF TREES WIND CAN BE FELT ON THE SIDE OF THE FACE COULD CAUSE FLAGS TO STAND ABOUT HALFWAY OUT FROM THE FLAG POLE STRONG WIND WIND HAS A NOTICEABLE EFFECT ON TREE TOPS LIFTS DUST OF DRY GROUND RANGE FLAGS TEND TO STRAIN AWAY FROM THE FLAG POLE

AIMING OFF FOR WIND ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram)

AIMING OFF FOR WIND

AIMING OFF FOR WIND ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram) STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)

AIMING OFF FOR WIND

AIMING OFF FOR WIND ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram) STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram) FRESH WIND AT 300 METRES POA IS AT THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)

AIMING OFF FOR WIND

AIMING OFF FOR WIND ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram) STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram) FRESH WIND AT 300 METRES POA IS AT THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram) STRONG WIND AT 300 METRES POA IS ONE TARGETS WIDTH FROM THE CENTRE OF THE TARGET (3rd POA on diagram)

AIMING OFF FOR WIND

MISS DRILL IF YOU MISS THE TARGET CONTINUALLY… AIM AND FIRE AT THE BASE OF THE TARGET WATCH WHERE THE ROUND STRIKES ADJUST YOUR POA ACCORDINGLY ALWAYS ENSURE SIGHT ALIGNMENT REMAINS CORRECT WHEN ADJUSTING THE POA

LESSON 11 - USE OF COVER, CARRIAGE OF WEAPON & REACTION TO EFFECTIVE ENEMY FIRE 101

LESSON 12 - RIFLE ZEROING 102