M2/11/13; M1/30/12; F2/4/11; M2/1/10; T2/3/09; M 2/11/08; T-W 1/30-31/07; H 2/2/06; H 2/15/05 Progressive Presidents: Teddy Roosevelt & Taft (Ch. 22.5; pp ) Q: What role should the president play in political & economic issues? Explain.

I. Progressive Presidents Teddy Roosevelt – active President – Rep. William Howard Taft – Rep. Woodrow Wilson – Dem.

II. Teddy Roosevelt A. Business Regulation “trust busting” – good vs. bad trusts – Northern Sec. – RR’s Elkins Act & Hepburn Act – strengthened ICC – hurt RR’s monopoly Dept. Commerce & Labor – 1903 – split in 1913 Bureau of Corp. – forerunner of FTC – Wilson 1914

II. Teddy Roosevelt (cont.) B. Labor Relations UMW strike – “public good” – management & labor invited C. Consumer Protection Upton Sinclair – The Jungle Meat Inspection Act Pure Food & Drug Act FDA

II. Teddy Roosevelt (cont.) D. Conservation preservation vs. conservation nat’l park system Gifford Pinchot – US Forest Service (1905) Sierra Club E. Race Relations Booker T. Washington – Atlanta Compromise (1895) – friendly w/ TR Brownsville Incident (1905)

III. William Howard Taft TR’s self-picked successor trustbuster – indiscriminate – attacked all – Standard Oil & Amer. Tobacco Co. – TR’s “good trusts” – little press – esp. compared to TR less charismatic became conservative – relations w/ Speaker Joe Cannon supported Payne-Aldrich tariff leads to split in Rep. Party

IV. Election of major candidates – split in Rep. Party – Taft & TR 1. Taft – Rep. – party nominee (cons.) 2. TR – Prog. Party (“Bull Moose”) (ins.) – “New Nationalism” – more gov’t reg. 3. Wilson – Dem. – VA/NJ – “New Freedom” 4. Debs – Socialist

IV. Election of 1912 (cont.) Wilson – Dem – 42% pop./435 electoral TR – Prog./Bull Moose – 27% pop./88 electoral – strongest 3 rd party results ever Taft – Rep. – 23% pop./8 electoral Debs – Socialist – 6% pop./0 electoral 69% for Prog. Reforms!!!