Future airport turnaround ground handling processes Sicco Santema, Roeland Huijser, Robbin Stals. 15 th of October 2008 TRAIL
Table of Content Research question Research method Scope Analysis Concepts Conclusion & Recommendations Future airport turnaround ground handling processes
Research Question Turnaround time reduction and a more reliable ground handling process by a new ground handling concept Narrow body “What are the infrastructural and operational narrow body ground handling concept specifications, based on the current KLM Boeing 737-800 ground handling turnaround process at AAS, such that in 95% of the turnarounds a turnaround time of 25 minutes is realized and the overall turnaround process reliability is improved?” Wide body “What are the infrastructural and operational wide-body ground handling concept specifications, based on the current KLM B747-400 Combi ground handling turnaround process at AAS, such that in 95% of the turnarounds a turnaround time of 45 minutes is realized and the overall turnaround process reliability is improved?” Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Research method Theory of Constraints Critical path analysis Group Decision Room Session Mapping the turnaround processes Future airport turnaround ground handling processes 4 4
Scope B747-400 Combi / B737-800 Regulations Current configuration Future airport turnaround ground handling processes B747-400 Combi / B737-800 Current configuration KLM service level Regulations Stakeholders Network |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Process map Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts| Conclusions & recommendations |
Paths process map Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts| Conclusions & recommendations |
Data activity durations + Future airport turnaround ground handling processes Archival data Video measurements |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Critical path Future airport turnaround ground handling processes B737-800 Average 69 minutes 95% 86 minutes Critical path Catering B747-400 Combi Average 144 minutes 95% 186 minutes Critical path Cleaning |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Concept specifications (B737) Activity Specifications Current mean [min] New mean Deboarding - Use aircraft left front and left aft door. 7,66 4,83 Boarding 16,3 10,3 Catering - Parallel catering of front and aft galley - Extra resources (equipment/manpower) 26,7 16,4 Cabin cleaning - Extra manpower (twice as much) 23,4 11,7 Cabin check & cabin security check - Cabin security check by cabin crew 13,6 6,60 Unloading - Continuous and smooth supply of baggage / freight - Tail tipping prevention 19,7 16,1 Loading 33,7 17,8 Fuel service - Fixed fuel system at the ramp - Digital communication system for sending fuel note - Connecting bonding cable together with placing wheel chocks 22,2 15,2 Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Concept specifications (B737) Activity Process map specifications Current starting point New starting point Catering -Put up a partition in galleys After deboarding 5,5 minutes earlier Cabin check & cabin security check -Cabin check and security check in parallel After cabin security check At same time cabin security Check (10,5 minutes earlier) Fuel service -Passenger bridge / boarding stairs When passenger bridges / boarding stairs are placed at both doors Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Concept specifications (B747) Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Concepts Environment Security Safety Flexibility Future airport turnaround ground handling processes Safety Flexibility |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Concept (B747) Period 2009 – 2014 Mean: 120 minutes Future airport turnaround ground handling processes Mean: 120 minutes Turnaround time: 158 minutes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Concept (B737) One extra catering truck, one extra catering employee Period 2009 – 2014 One extra catering truck, one extra catering employee Four extra cabin cleaners Combining cabin security check and cabin check A partition in the galleys Fixed wall energy Future airport turnaround ground handling processes Mean: 55 minutes Turnaround time: 68 minutes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
New distribution Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Turnaround time reduction Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Advantages narrow-body concept Possible advantages new concept KLM: Direct cost decrease due to increase in aircraft utilization (more “up-time”) Extra flight(s) or less aircraft needed Connectivity improvement (shorter minimum connecting time) Interchangeable narrow body fleet Punctuality improvement Environment, safety, security, labour conditions, flexibility Possible advantages new concept AAS Increase in gate capacity Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Conclusions (wide-body) The goal of 45 minutes turnaround time is not achieved reduction from 186 min to 116 min Cabin process determines still the critical path activity catering Reduction in turnaround time is not the motive for automation security, environment, safety, flexibility Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Conclusions (narrow-body) The goal of 25 minutes turnaround time is not achieved reduction from 86 min to 50 min Critical path is in the cabin: cabin cleaning The requirements can be approached more when the business model would “ partly” change to from networked to “Point to Point -low-cost” Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |
Future airport Future airport turnaround ground handling processes 21 |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations | 21
Recommendations Continue the cooperation between KLM & Schiphol Further research to get more insight in variance of the involved activities e.g. Lean theory Investigate other aircraft types e.g. B777-300ER, A320 Investigate investments for design options e.g. co-innovation Future airport turnaround ground handling processes |Research question | Scope | Analysis | Concepts | Conclusions & recommendations |