UB Citizens: Let’s get addicted to air quality data Christa Hasenkopf NSF-International Postdoctoral Research Fellow University of Colorado| National University of Mongolia Photo Credit: Lauren Knapp December 2011 November 2012 Photo Credit: Soyee Chiu IWAM 8 Jan 2013

What is Particulate Matter? Ikh Nartiin Chuluu Nature Reserve Research Camp, April 2005 Dust Volcanoes Mt. St. Helens, 1980 Combustion Sources Bacteria Bioaerosol

Fine Human Hair PM comes in a range of sizes PM10 (Diameter ≤ 10μm) PM2.5 (Diameter ≤ 2.5μm) ~ 50 μm

PM and Health Effects Very large > PM10 Coarse PM: PM2.5 < PM ≤ PM10 Fine PM: ≤ PM2.5 WHO estimates the total number of PM-related deaths to be approximately 3.3 million/year world-wide. More than malaria + AIDS, combined.

UB air pollution From 2011 WHO Outdoor Air Pollution Database and Dec 2011 WB report: Air Quality Analysis of Ulaanbaatar

UB air pollution From 2011 WHO Outdoor Air Pollution Database and Dec 2011 WB report: Air Quality Analysis of Ulaanbaatar According to 2011 WHO Outdoor PM10 survey, Ulaanbaatar is 2 nd most PM10- polluted city in the world.

UB air pollution From 2011 WHO Outdoor Air Pollution Database and Dec 2011 WB report: Air Quality Analysis of Ulaanbaatar

UB air pollution From 2011 WHO Outdoor Air Pollution Database and Dec 2011 WB report: Air Quality Analysis of Ulaanbaatar

Est. range of annual deaths in UB caused by PM (Allen et al., 2011 and World Bank 2011 ). Human Impacts By the Numbers 10-25% $ 500 million Est. annual amount (in USD) lost from UB economy due to PM - 20% of UB’s 2008 GDP (World Bank 2011).

My Research Questions: What is UB PM made of? What are the major sources of UB PM? How does black carbon change with time? How does UB PM affect regional climate?

PEER UB Air Pollution Team: Dr. Dagva Shagjjamba Ms. Gerelmaa Gunchin Ms. Bulgansaikhan Baldorj Mr. Amanjol Ms. Delgerzul Lodoisamba Kindergarten #69 Staff Enkhiin Sanaa Family Hospital Staff Prof. Lodoysamba ** However, the project I am about to describe is NOT FUNDED by NSF, USAID, or Fulbright. It is a public outreach initiative. It and has been done on free time because we feel it is IMPORTANT.**

Sharing Air Quality Data (and basics) through Social Media Public awareness MATTERS! (1) ACCESS to timely AQ data can help the public make informed health decisions. (2) ACCESS to the available AQ data and basics EMPOWERS UB’ers to focus more effort on air quality monitoring.

Mitigation measures are just half of the equation…. New Stoves Ger  Apts Alt. Fuels Electric Stoves Modifying Ignition

Long-term, successful pollution reduction is feedback cycle: Mitigation Measures Air quality monitoring And the public can influence strengthening this cycle in UB!

Ulaanbaatar Air Quality on on twitter UB Air Quality in Social Media

Have more questions? check out UBAirPollution.org, or post a question on the Facebook Page: “ УБ Aгаарын Чанарын Мэдээ /UB Air Quality Info!” Tweet and Facebook post BREAKDOWN: Posts at 9 am, 2pm, and 7pm

Simple Infographics

Interact with the public on air pollution issues People ask questions We share people getting involved in air pollution activities (like UBASC) People share information

How the public access to data shapes air quality monitoring PM10 PM2.5 = just 0.12% of Beijing’s population. More transparent data

How the public access to data shapes UB air quality monitoring Within ~10 weeks of having these sites running and because of the show of public support: - Received international and local media attention - Received grant from OT in the past few weeks four OWN instrument - Met with community leaders to discuss air quality

The PUBLIC has influenced this cycle! Mitigation Measures Air quality monitoring But this needs to just be the beginning…

What can YOU do? (1) Get informed and involved. “Like” ‘Ulaanbaatar Air Quality’ on FB and on Twitter.

What can YOU do? (2) Invite UBASC to give a talk about this topic at your organization.

Want to get more involved with LET US KNOW! THANKS! on Twitter

PM MASKS

What can YOU do? (3) Request better, quality, rated masks in UB pharmacies. But wait...how??

Surgical Masks: Designed to keep the wearer from spreading germs to others and protect the wearer from splashing fluids. Cough Spray Mask Wearer How do Masks work? Typical Surgical Masks

Cough Spray Dried Cough Spray They are not designed to protect the wearer from germs! Mask Wearer Surgical Masks: Designed to keep the wearer from spreading germs to others and protect the wearer from splashing fluids.

Surgical Masks are not designed to protect the wearer from PM! Surgical Masks vs. PM Masks PM2.5 Mask Wearer PM2.5

 It is rated by an internationally-accepted standard - Ex: “N95” rating by the USA: has been Certified by an independent lab to Remove 95% of PM 0.3 microns and larger(so covers PM2.5 and PM10) How do you know a PM mask works?  Does it fit well?  Vague/non-specific statements like “removes smoke and dust” etc. do not help you evaluate how effective a mask is.

The masks we’re handing out:  3M masks, ordered through Amazon.com  ~ Tugriks per mask  Recommended: Wear up to 2 weeks

What can YOU do? (3) Request better, quality, rated masks in UB pharmacies…by explaining you want RATED masks to pharmacies. Show them the one we hand out today as an example!

More Resources: City AQ data: Compendium of UB AQ info/resources: Article on WHY getting the public involved in AQ is important: In English: the-datahttp://tedxulaanbaatar.com/#!/ub-citizens-get-addicted-to- the-data In Mongolian: (Thanks to Enke G. and Gerelmaa G. for translating!)