World Organisation for Animal Health

Animal Health Situation in Asia, the Far East and Oceania 2004/2005 Dewan Sibartie Head, Regional Activities Department 24th Conference of OIE Regional Commission for Asia, the Far East and Oceania, Seoul, Republic of Korea, November 2005

3 Plan of presentation New Activities of Veterinary Services Animal Health Situation: Terrestrial Animal Diseases Avian influenza Foot and mouth disease Rinderpest Peste des petits ruminants Sheep pox and goat pox Classical swine fever Bovine spongiform encephalopathy Other diseases Bee Diseases Aquatic Animal Diseases Contingency Plans and Simulation Exercises

4 New Activities of Veterinary Services Australia: Wildlife Health Information System (WHIS), database on information on wildlife disease events (June 2005) Aquaplan to maximise ability to control aquatic animal diseases (July 2005) Cambodia: High level task force to control HPAI Pakistan: Active and passive disease surveillance for AI and other major animal diseases. India: Network of laboratories: 250 State, 5 regional and 1 central in Izatnagar. Vietnam: National strategic plan for strengthening of Veterinary services and a national AI vaccination programme adopted. Mongolia: Active surveillance programmes for FMD and other important animal diseases.

5 Terrestrial Animal Diseases-Avian Influenza Rapid spread in the region and elsewhere (wild birds) New countries affected: DPR of Korea, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Turkey and Romania, Kuwait? H7N3 in Pakistan and H7N7 in DPRK. Hong Kong: new case in a migrating pond heron Vietnam: 33/64 provinces affected, 39.6% prevalence of H5 in waterfowl and 22.9% in ducks. Infection in wild birds in Mongolia, PR China, Siberia… LPAI in Japan (H5N2)-Use of unapproved vaccines Good news: Republic of Korea and Malaysia, (no evidence of infection in migratory birds, ducks and other wild birds), Taipei China (no infection in domestic birds) and no H5N1 in Philippines (H9N2)

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Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in South East Asia

8 HPAI subtype H5N1 in South-East Asia

10 HPAI subtype H5N1 in South-East Asia

11 HPAI subtype H5N1 in South-East Asia

12 HPAI subtype H5N1 in South-East Asia

13 HPAI subtype H5N1 in South-East Asia

14 HPAI subtype H5N1 in South-East Asia

15 HPAI subtype H5N1 in South-East Asia

16 HPAI subtype H5N1 in South-East Asia

17 HPAI subtype H5N1 in South-East Asia

18 HPAI subtype H5N1 in South-East Asia in 2005 North Korea H7HPAI H5N1 in Wild dead birds, May 2005 (Poultry June 2004)

19 Expansion Northwards!

20 Notes Total number of cases includes number of deaths. WHO reports only laboratory-confirmed cases. Cumulative Number of Confirmed Human Cases of Avian Influenza A/(H5N1) Reported to WHO – 9 November 2005 Source WHO: Date of onset IndonesiaViet NamThailandCambodiaTotal casesdeathscasesdeathscasesdeathscasesdeathscasesdeaths to to to date Total

21 FMD FMD, a major disease in Asia Asia 1 expanding in 2005: 3 outbreaks in Myanmar (first since 2001), PR China, Pakistan, India, Russia, Mongolia (first time), SAR Hong Kong (first time). Type O and A very common: O cases reported in Myanmar, Nepal, Malaysia, Thailand, Pakistan, India, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, and Hong Kong. A cases reported in Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Pakistan and India,

22 FMD (Cont.) Taipei China: No case since 2001, recognised by OIE as free with vaccination Australia, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, New Zealand, Singapore, the zones of Sabah and Sarawak of Malaysia and the zones of Mindanao, Visayas, Palawan and Masbate of the Philippines recognised by OIE as free without vaccination

23 FMD Vaccination January-June 2005

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26 PR of China reported to the OIE FMD ASIA1 in May 2005 O Myanmar ： Asia 1, 08/05

27 Rinderpest Pakistan: 30,000 samples from cattle and buffaloes and 30,000 from small ruminants to be tested in India: Evaluation by OIE for freedom from rinderpest infection (Recommendation to be endorsed). Countries already recognised as free from rinderpest infection: Bhutan, Indonesia, Japan, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Nepal, New Zealand, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taipei China Thailand, and Vietnam.

28 Peste des petits ruminants In 2005, outbreaks have been reported in Nepal, India, Iran and Pakistan. Vaccination is the main method of control.

29 Sheep pox and goat pox In 2005, outbreaks have been reported from Vietnam, Nepal and India. Vaccination applied in Pakistan to control outbreak. No new case in 2005.

30 Classical swine fever In 2005, outbreaks have been reported from Nepal, Thailand, India, Republic of Korea and Taipei China. Modified stamping out with vaccination of at risk animals carried out in Republic of Korea. Stamping out in Taipei China. Only one farm affected)

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32 Bovine spongiform encephalopathy Republic of Korea: No lesions detected during past 9 years of surveillance; 1878 brains tested in July with negative results. Japan: 5 cases reported in 2005 up to June Thailand: 550 brains tested negative in Singapore is recognised as provisionally free by OIE Few other countries evaluated for the status of free by OIE.

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34 Other terrestrial animal diseases Bluetongue: Australia: A number of serotypes present in Northern Australia but no disease in cattle and goats. Sheep is not traded from endemic areas. Reported in India in the state of Karnataka. Brucellosis: Reported in Thailand, Pakistan, Malaysia and Republic of Korea. Test and slaughter carried out in Malaysia. Vaccination in Thailand. Tuberculosis: In New Zealand, 0.3% in cattle herds, 0.96% in deer herds for outbreaks in Republic of Korea. Newcastle disease. Endemic in most countries of the region. Controlled by vaccination. Haemorrhagic septicaemia: Reported in Thailand, India and Pakistan. Controlled by vaccination. Nipah virus encephalitis: Testing in progress in Thailand.

35 WORLD DISTRIBUTION OF BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS IN 2004

36 DISTRIBUTION OF BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS IN 2004

37 Bee diseases American foulbrood in New Zealand.(0.26%° in North island. South Island is free. Also in Japan. European foulbrood, varroosis and acariosis in Nepal. Also in Japan

38 Aquatic animal diseases New Zealand: Bonamia exitiosus infection in Foveaux strait, associated with mortalities in mid to late summer. Australia : Epizootic ulcerative syndrome, viral encephalopathy and retinopathy, yellowhead disease, and Perkinsus olseni and Marteilia sydneyi infections confirmed. Thailand: Koi Herpes virus infection reported. Eradication plan operational and no new case since August Singapore: Destroyed all imported consignments infected with Koi herpes virus.

39 Contingency plans and simulation exercises Contingency plans mainly for HPAI: New Zealand, Nepal, Thailand, India, Vietnam, Singapore, Philippines and Australia. Simulation plans: Australia has organised simulations for FMD and soon for zoonotic AI.

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