Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation Reaction) Hydrolysis Is how larger molecules are Is how larger molecules are Can use more than once Removing water Polymers Monomers Adding water Built up Broken down Starch glucose+ glucose+ glucose Glucose + fructose  sucrose. by by So bonds can be made between So bonds in To build up Are broken down into for example For example

Carbohydrates v v v v v v v v v v v Foods Used for Different levels of complexity Means 1 sugar Means 2 sugars Means many sugar examples examples examples v v v v v v v Found in insects for Found in plants for Found in plants for Found in animals for v v v v Glucose Lactose Pasta Storage Structure Energy Galactose Fruit Glycogen Sugar Starch Sucrose chitin Short term energy storage Fructose Cellulose Disaccharide Cell wall Polysaccharide Exoskeleton Monosaccharide Milk

(Which means they do not mix with water) foods Lipids Are used for 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. All lipids are (Which means they do not mix with water) 3 groups or classes of lipids are v v Made of Goes towards the inside away from water Used for have 4 fused rings and makes up v and v v v Which can be v Liquid at room temp and contains Solid at room temp Examples Component of v v v v v If there is too much it can lead to Goes towards the outside toward water v v Examples v v

Lipid word bank: Oils Triglyceride Hydrophobic Steroids Cholesterol Insulation Cell membranes Protection Testosterone Unsaturated Butter Waxes Fatty acids Estrogen Saturated Long term energy storage Hormones Component of cell membrane fats Avacado Phospholipids Bilayer Glycerol Cardiovascular Disease ( Heart Disease) Hydrophobic Tails Cell membrane Hydrophilic Head Chemical Signals Steak

Proteins Foods 1. 2. 3. 4. Used for 1. Made up of 2. 3. Word bank for proteins: Peptide bonds 20 amino acids Proteins Meat Hormones (chemical signals) Structure (hair and nails) Dairy Eggs Beans Enzymes Which have the following chemical structure(draw) Build up by forming these bonds To make polypeptides which can then form

Test for Organic Molecules Use indicators To Test for Carbohydrates Protein Lipids Mixed with On paper it will turn If protein is present it will turn Mixed with Mixed with + If starch is present it will turn Heat For 5 minutes Word Bank Biuret Solution Heat for 5 min Orange Proteins Make it look waxy Purple brown Is simple sugars are present it will turn Blue Benedict’s Solution Starch Simple monosaccharaides Iodine Blue/black Lipids Sudan Red IV Get spotted