Carbohydrates Short Term Energy Monosaccharide Disaccharide Foods Used for Pasta Fruit Milk Short Term Energy Different levels of complexity Means 1 sugar Means 2 sugars Means many sugar Monosaccharide Disaccharide Polysaccharide examples examples examples Glucose Fructose Sucrose Maltose Lactose Galactose Chitin Starch Cellulose Glycogen Found in arthropods for Found in plants for Found in plants for Found in animals for Exoskeleton Glucose Storage Cell Wall Glucose Storage Glucose Lactose 1:2:1 Pasta Structure Energy Galactose Fruit Glycogen Sugar Starch Sucrose chitin Short term energy storage Fructose Cellulose Disaccharide Cell wall Polysaccharide Exoskeleton Monosaccharide Milk

Cardiovascular Disease ( Heart attack) foods Lipids Are used for 1. Avacado 2.Butter 3. 1. Long Term Energy Storage 2. Insulation 3.Protection 4.Chemical Signals All lipids are Hydrophobic (Which means they do not mix with water) 4 groups or classes of lipids are Triglyceride Phospholipid Bilayer Waxes Steriods Made of Goes towards the inside away from water Used for have 4 fused rings and makes up Glycerol and 3 fatty acids Protection Hormones Cholesterol Which can be Hydrophobic Saturated Unsaturated Examples Component of Hydrophilic Cell Membrane Solid at room temp, and contains Liquid at room temp and contains Testosterone If there is too much it can lead to Goes towards the outside toward water Estrogen Single Bonds Double Bonds Cardiovascular Disease ( Heart attack) Examples Fats Oils

Lipid word bank: Oils Triglyceride Hydrophobic Steroids Cholesterol Insulation Cell membranes Protection Testosterone Unsaturated Butter Waxes Fatty acids Estrogen Saturated Long term energy storage Hormones Component of cell membrane fats Avacado Phospholipids Bilayer Glycerol Cardiovascular Disease ( Heart Disease) Hydrophobic Tails Cell membrane Hydrophilic Head Chemical Signals Steak

Proteins Amino Acids Peptide Bonds Proteins Foods 1. Meat 2.Eggs 3.Dairy 4. Beans . Used for 1. Structure 2. Hormones 3. Enzymes Made up of Amino Acids Word bank for proteins: Peptide bonds 20 amino acids Proteins Meat Hormones (chemical signals) Structure (hair and nails) Dairy Eggs Beans Enzymes Which have the following chemical structure(draw) Build up by forming these bonds Peptide Bonds To make polypeptides which can then form Proteins

Test for Organic Molecules Use indicators To Test for Carbohydrates Protein Lipids Mixed with On paper it will Buriet Waxy Glucose Starch Positive results Mixed with Mixed with Benedicts Iodine Purple + Positive results Heat Black Positive results Word Bank Biuret Solution Heat for 5 min Orange Proteins Stain red Make it look waxy Purple brown Blue Benedict’s Solution Starch Simple monosaccharaides Iodine Blue/black Lipids Sudan Red Orange