How to use a paper dictionary + CD ROM Kevin Wang Jun Xie Reference: Fernandez-Toro, M. and F. R. Jones (2001) DIY techniques for language learners CILT Chapter 4 P.25 Ellis, G. and B. Sinclair (1989) Learning to Learn English CUP Chapter 1.4 Use chart on P.111 Advanced Language Skills

Outline How many types of the dictionaries? Comparison three dictionaries How to using the dictionaries? What is the tips of using the dictionaries? Dictionary CD ROM

Brief introduction Bilingual dictionaries --include pocket bilingual dictionaries and larger bilingual dictionaries Monolingual dictionaries Pictorial dictionaries Specialist dictionaries

Bilingual Dictionaries --those which list words and their translations(i.e. Chinese to English or English to Chinese) Monolingual dictionaries ---those which list words and their definitions in the same language(i.e. Chinese to Chinese or English to English)

Pocket bilingual dictionaries -- Use for both decoding(i.e. for reading and listening) and encoding(i.e. for writing and speaking) --Useful for beginning to learn a language Larger bilingual dictionaries --More information than pocket bilingual dictionaries

Pictorial dictionaries --Each page shows a series of pictures related to a particular topic. Specialist dictionaries -- Your work may require you to use specialist terms-e.g. business or scientific vocabulary-that are not found in general dictionares.

How to using a dictionary Decoding ( reading and listening ) Decoding You can either use a bilingual or a monolingual dictionary Encoding ( writing and speaking ) Encoding Only a bilingual or pictorial dictionary can help here

Decoding ( reading and listening ) In languages that use a different script, searches take longer than normal. If you are looking up a word that you have heard, but not seen in writing, your guess about its spelling might be wrong, Try alternative spellings. If the some words may not be included in the dictionary that you are using. Try reading more of the text to find other clues.

Encoding (writing and speaking ) When you are writing an essay, the verb ‘to walk’ and the noun ‘a walk’ are totally different. Alternatively, the precise sense or nuance which you want may simply not be given in the target language.

After you have looked up words or phrases while reading or writing, write the most useful ones out again in your language notebook and memories them. Note down the pronunciation as well When you look up a foreign word, look at the words around it that seem to be related, and note down any that seem especially useful. TIPS

Comparison of three dictionaries TitleDate publishedNumber of headwords Bilingual/Mono lingual Portable? Longman Exams Dictionary ,000MonolingualNo Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 2008MonolingualNo Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary ,500MonolingualNo

Dictionary CD ROM Today, people’s life can not live with out the internet, if you normally use a word processor to write in the foreign language, on-line and CD-ROM dictionaries are useful, comprehensive and fast tools. You simply type in a word, and its translation and /or definition is displayed instantly.

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