Introduction to Henry IV, Part 1

Introduction Henry IV, Part 1 is the second part of a tetralogy Known as the “Henriad” Richard II, Henry IV, Part 1, Henry IV Part 2 & Henry V Richard II – Henry (Bolingbroke) has had a hand in the murder of King Richard II, and vows to go to Jerusalem to cleanse himself of this sin Introduction to Henry IV, Part 1 from the playmakers Introduction to Henry IV, Part 1 from the playmakers

Henry IV, pt 1 Genealogy Edward III Edward, the Black Prince Richard II Duke of Clarence Duke of Lancaster Henry IV HAL daughter Mortimer named heir by Richard Mortimer’s sis Lady Percy Hotspur

Henry IV, pt 1 Rebellion in Act 1, sc 1

Henry IV, pt 1 Rebellion in Act 5

Henry IV, pt 1 Structure Act I -- first turning point Hotspur, North, Wor desert Henry and join rebels Act II - IV -- two sides gather allies midpoint Hal joins Henry ends in 2nd turning point Hotspur lists grievances against Henry Act V -- climax Douglas vs. Henry, Hal vs. Hotspur

Henry IV, pt 1 Main plot/subplot structure Henry IV Hotspur Falstaff Hal Hal Henry Hotspur Falstaff COURT TAVERN BATTLEFIELD

Henry IV, pt 1 Foils Hal / Hotspur as characters Henry / Falstaff -- father figures Falstaff (staff/foot) vs. Hotspur (spur/horse) compare particularly views on Honor represent different kinds of exaggeration  Hotspur lives in world of abstractions  Falstaff in concrete world Hotspur attacks Glendower; Hal just humorously exposes Falstaff’s exaggerations. Hotspur is intolerant; Hal is tolerant. Action foiling -- fewer men w/Hotspur, more w/Henry 2 views of the battlefield (4.1 & 4.2)

Henry IV, pt 1 Three Worlds Court Tavern Battlefield Henry IVFalstaff Hotspur HAL past present future

Food for thought 1. We should trust our leaders to do what is right for the country’s greater good. 2. It is always better to abide by social codes of behavior (e.g. honor and chivalry) than to reject them. 3. Every society occasionally requires war and revolt in order to grow and become stronger. 4. Children should always respect and obey their parents. 5. A good leader is bold and fearless, always ready to use whatever military means are at his disposal in order to accomplish his objectives. 6. A good leader is sober and thoughtful, willing to compromise his own views in order to respect the views of others so that peace can be maintained. 7. Gender makes a difference when it comes to effective leadership.

Your group will be assigned one of the “food for thought statements” For the statement assigned to you, complete the following Example Statement: We should trust our leaders to do what is right for the country’s greater good… because … except that … for example … Be prepared to share your statement

The humors The four humors? “Sanguine”: an excess of blood; makes one cheerful, optimistic. “Melancholy” – an excess of black bile; makes one gloomy, pessimistic. “Choleric” or bilious: an excess of yellow bile in the gall bladder; makes one angry and short tempered. “Phlegmatic”: an excess of phlegm; makes one slow and lethargic. Derives originally from Hippocrates, the Greek physician and medical writer.

Air – associated with sanguine personality. Earth – associated with melancholy personality. Fire – associated with choleric personality. Water – associated with phlegmatic personality.

Humours in Henry IV, Part 1 Hotspur Angered by the “certain lord, neat and trimly dressed” Anger over king’s demand for Scots prisoners Anger over Mortimer Worcester and Hotspur: I, 3, 253ff. Falstaff “What a devil hast thou to do with the time of day?” Relentless inactivity