MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS Presented by NISHITH RANJAN SAHOO Roll no: EI200117284 Under the Guidance of Dr. Partha S. Mallik Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

INTRODUCTION MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Reuse the existing GSM infrastructure Introduce packet-switched routing functionality Better data transfer rates Low cost and connectivity-oriented Migration Path to 3G Networks “Always on” / always connected Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

NEED FOR GPRS MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS Existing Cellular networks have problems: Data Rates too slow – about 9.6 kbps Connections setup too long & complicated Proves expensive for bursty traffic utilization Inefficient resource utilization for bursty traffic No efficient method for packet transfers Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

PACKET-SWITCHED TECHNIQUE VS. CIRCUIT-SWITCHED MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS PACKET-SWITCHED TECHNIQUE VS. CIRCUIT-SWITCHED In circuit-switching, resources (e.g. a channel) are allocated to user for duration of connection Inefficient use of resources User pays for the whole connection High QoS: channel maintains real-time connection In packet-switching, resources are allocated to user only for the time it takes to send each packet A channel can serve many users User pays by the packet Ideal for bursty data connections Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

GPRS ARCHITECTURE MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS GPRS = GSM + packet switching. GPRS has the features of a real data network. Speeds up to 190 kbps (theoretical maximum). No dial-up modems needed, but direct connections. Billing based on sended/received bits, no telephone ticks. All applications available (www, e-mail, ftp,..). The setup time is negligible – less than a second. Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

GPRS ARCHITECTURE MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS How is the high speed of GPRS realized? Dynamic assignment of bursts to a user. In GSM 1 burst per user. In GPRS theoretical maximum of 8 bursts per user. Sync: 26 bits 000 Data: 57 bits 1 1 Data: 57 bits 000 Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MIGRATION FROM GSM TO GPRS MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS MIGRATION FROM GSM TO GPRS The migration path from GSM to GPRS requires: Additional packet switching nodes (routers between the base stations and the mobile switch center). The existing GSM nodes to be upgraded with GPRS functionality. Commercial data services to be provided for this a GPRS operator needs to deploy other elements like Access servers and Firewalls. Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

GPRS ENVIRONMENT MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

GPRS ARCHITECTURE : MOBILE STATION MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS GPRS ARCHITECTURE : MOBILE STATION GPRS MS includes two components: MT (Mobile Terminal). Typically a handset used to access the radio interface. TE (Terminal Equipment). Typically a laptop or a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). Three types of MS: Class-A: Could be attached to both GPRS and other GSM services, and the MS supports simultaneous operation of GPRS and other GSM services. Class-B: Could be attached to both GPRS and other GSM services, but the MS can only operate one set of services at a time. Class-C: Could be exclusively attached to one service type at a given time. Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

GPRS Architecture Interfaces MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS GPRS Architecture Interfaces MSC/VLR HLR D Gr Gs Gc A Gb Gn Gi PDN TE TE MT BSS SGSN GGSN Ga R Um Ga Gp Gn Billing System Other PLMN CGF SGSN GGSN Gf EIR • CGF(Charging Gateway) Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

SGSN – SERVING GPRS SUPPORT NODE MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS SGSN – SERVING GPRS SUPPORT NODE At the same hierarchical level as the MSC. Transfers data packets between mobile stations and GGSNs. Keeps track of the individual MSs’ location and performs security functions and access control. Detects and registers new GPRS mobile stations located in its service area Participates into routing, as well as mobility management functions. Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

GGSN – GATEWAY GPRS SUPPORT NODE MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS GGSN – GATEWAY GPRS SUPPORT NODE Provides inter-working between PLMN and external packet-switched networks. Converts the GPRS packets from SGSN into the appropriate packet data protocol format (e.g., IP or X.25) and sends out on the corresponding packet data network. Participates into the mobility management. Maintains the location information of the mobile stations that are using the data protocols provided by that GGSN. Collects charging information for billing purpose. Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

GPRS ARCHITECTURE:BACKBONE NETWORK MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS GPRS ARCHITECTURE:BACKBONE NETWORK Tunnels of data and signaling messages between GPRS support nodes.Protocol architecture based on the Internet Protocol (IP). GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol) used to tunnel user data and signaling between GPRS Support Nodes. Two kinds of GPRS backbone Network: Intra-PLMN backbone network: The IP network interconnecting GSNs within the same PLMN. Inter-PLMN backbone network: The IP network interconnecting GSNs and intra-PLMN backbone networks in different PLMNs. Border Gateway handles the packet transfer between GPRS PLMNs. Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

GPRS ARCHITECTURE: BACKBONE NETWORK MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS GPRS ARCHITECTURE: BACKBONE NETWORK Packet Data Network Inter-PLMN Backbone Gi Gi Gp GGSN BG BG GGSN Intra-PLMN Backbone Intra-PLMN Backbone SGSN SGSN SGSN Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

PACKET TRANSFER MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

Packet Data Network(PDN) MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS PLMN2 PLMN1 BSC BTS BSC BTS SGSN SGSN MS Inter-PLMN GPRS Backbone Gn Intra-PLMN GPRS Backbone Gp Intra-PLMN GPRS Backbone Border Gateway Gn Border Gateway Gn GGSN SGSN Packet Data Network(PDN) Eg.Internet,Intranet Gi GGSN Host Router Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MOBILITY MANAGEMENT MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS Mobility management is the means by which GPRS keeps track of a mobile subscriber location while connected to the Network. Main concepts : GPRS mobility management states GPRS network access. Attachment. Location management Packet Data protocol PDP context Detachment Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MOBILITY MANAGEMENT STATES MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS MOBILITY MANAGEMENT STATES IDLE GPRS Attach unreachable mobile Explicit Detach GPRS Detach READY Timer expiry/ Force STANDBY/ Abnormal RLC condition reachable mobile PDU Transmission /Reception STANDBY Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

CONCLUSION MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS The GPRS should cost uses less than circuit-switched services since communication channels are being used on a shared basis and also the packets are need-based rather than dedicated only to one user. The next stepping stone would be moving towards 3G by implementing EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution), The GPRS is the key transition phase and is a fundamental requirement for Third Generation Mobile Communications. Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS THANK U !!!!!!!!!!!!! Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284