Life Cycle of a CD By Katie and Jazzy

Scweet Facts ♪ 90% of all music, software, and videos in North America we record onto CD’s are recorded onto ones made in Canada. ♪ When CDs were first released only 800,000 were sold the first year. ♪ The entire process of stamping the CD with information only takes 5-10 seconds.

Inputs ♫ Glass ♫ Photoresist ♫ Sodium Hydroxide ♫ Silver ♫ Nickel ♫ Polycarbonate ♫ Paper ♫ Aluminum ♪ Lacquer ♪ Dyes ♪ Cardboard ♪ Water ♪ Polystyrene ♪ Energy ♪ People ♪ Time

Manufacturing ♫ To make the CD’s we listen to our favourite band’s music on, a master CD first has to be made. ♫ A liquid layer of photoresist is spin coated onto the glass. ♫ Using a laser, the data is recorded onto the photoresist of the glass disc. ♫ A Sodium Hydroxide solution is spun over the glass disc to develop it. ♫ When it is placed in a vacuum chamber, a small amount of silver is deposited onto the surface of the photoresist on the glass disc.

Manufacturing ♫ After this process is complete, the disc is placed in a tank of Nickel Sulphamate for two hours. ♫ The father is placed into the tank for another two hours and another layer of Nickel is grown. ♫ The mother too is returned to the tank to grow another layer of Nickel. ♫ To finish the stamper, a hole in the center, and the outer edge are punched out.

Manufacturing ♫ Now that the master CD and stamper are completed, the copies of the CD need to be produced. ♫ Polycarbonate is the plastic material needed to make these CD’s. Once it is heated to a molten state, it is put into a mold containing the stamper. ♫ A thin layer of Aluminum is sputtered onto the side of the disc the information was recorded onto. ♫ To seal the CD, a thin layer of sealant or lacquer is spin coated onto the Aluminum. ♫ The discs are now ready to be printed. Up to five colours are printed onto each CD.

Packaging ♪ The most common form of packaging is a jewel case. ♪ Other forms of packaging include: ♪ Paper sleeve ♪ A spindle

Jewel Cases ♫ Jewel Cases are the most common form of packaging for CD’s. ♫ Made using a plastic called polystyrene (the material used to make Styrofoam).

Distribution ♪ Once manufactured, CD’s are distributed to retail outlets, big box stores, or other locations. ♪ They are transported using planes, trains and trucks. Fossil fuels are used which contribute to climate change.

Useful Life ♫ The materials used to make CD’s are very stable. ♫ If it is properly handled and cared for, a CD should last for decades. ♫ To make CD’s last longer, keep them out of direct sunlight, water, and away from heat.

Disposal ♪ The best way of keeping CD’s out of the landfill is to reuse them or share them with others who will use them. ♪ Some specialized electronic recycling companies clean, grind, blend, and compound CD’s into a high-quality plastic to use for things like: ♪ Automotive parts ♪ Raw materials to make plastic ♪ Office equipment ♪ Jewel Cases ♪ Alarm boxes, alarm panels, street lights, electrical insulation

Outputs ♫ Waste Materials ♫ Nickel Sulphamate Solution ♫ Energy ♫ Greenhouse Gasses ♫ Chemicals ♫ Master CD ♫ Father ♫ Mother ♫ Stamper ♫ Center of Stamper

Raw Materials Production Head Office of Production Plants Consumption, Disposal & Distribution

Bibliography ♪ Cinram.. (n.d.). Cinram. Retrieved , 2008, from ♪ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.. (n.d.). United State Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved , 2008, from ♪ Wikipedia. (2008). Aluminum. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2008, from ♪ Wikipedia. (2008). Compact Disc. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2008, from ♪ Wikipedia. (2007). Lacquer. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2008, from ♪ Wikipedia. (2008). Nickel. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2008, from ♪ Wikipedia. (2007). Photoresist. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2008, from ♪ Wikipedia. (2008). Polycarbonate. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2008, from ♪ Wikipedia. (2008). Polystrene. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2008, from ♪ Wikipedia. (2008). Silver. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2008, from ♪ Wikipedia. (2008). Sodium. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2008, from