Imperialism: International Economic Organizations North America

Background Conceptual Terms Human Rights – natural justice recognizes that all people are equal and have equal rights Nationhood – comprises sophisticated political, economic, social, educational, and cultural institutions Sovereignty – is the supreme, absolute and inherent power by which any independent state is governed Constitutionality – laws which make it mandatory that the rights of life, liberty, and property of all peoples be respected

The Cherokee Nation Geographic Location of the Cherokee in 1830 The traditional Cherokee homeland was in the American southeast encompassing parts of the Carolinas, Georgia, Tennessee, and Alabama The so-called ‘Five Civilized Tribes’ who occupied this area were the Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole, Creek, and Cherokee Nations

Geographic Location of the Cherokee in 1830 The Cherokee Nation Geographic Location of the Cherokee in 1830

--------------------------------------------------------- The Cherokee Nation Five Civilized Tribes Jigsaw Each member of your group of five students will have 15 minutes to research one of the following nations; Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole, Creek, and Cherokee. (wikipedia is acceptable) Locate 5 important facts for your nation --------------------------------------------------------- Your group will then be given 20 minutes to share and copy the notes from the other members

The Cherokee Nation These five nations were comprised of people who had sophisticated political, economic, social, educational, and cultural institutions. The rights which were outlined in the American Bill of Rights should apply as much to these Indigenous Peoples as they would to people of European extraction.

The Cherokee Nation Aboriginal Sovereignty Traditional Aboriginal perspectives on sovereignty: Sovereignty originates from The Creator It flows through to the land of North America, then Flows from the land to the Indian peoples, cultures, and Nations

The Cherokee Nation The British Royal Proclamation in 1763 confirmed Aboriginal sovereignty. British recognition of the land rights angered American colonists. Following its independence from Britain, the American government repudiated British policies including the Royal Proclamation of 1763. There was a growing movement by the southeastern states to forcibly remove the Indian Nations to frontier areas.

The Cherokee Nation Issue #1 Sovereignty When a group of people come together and work out a social contract and actively maintain that contract, then they have a de facto legal right to claim the sovereignty of nationhood. The Cherokee people actively created and maintained a system of roads, schools, and churches within their homeland

The Cherokee Nation Issue #2 Constitutionality The United Kingdom with its common law and the United States with its constitution made it mandatory that the rights of life, liberty, and property of all peoples be respected. The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the fundamental political and legal rights of the Cherokee Nation

The Cherokee Nation Issue #3 Power The U.S. Federal Government refused to honour the treaties with Indian Nations it had duly affirmed and recognized. Laws were passed by the Georgia Legislature in 1829 to effectively deprive Indian citizens of their rights President Jackson refused to enforce the Supreme Court decision The U.S. Federal Government created the right for itself to quarantine Indian people to ‘civilize’ them

The Cherokee Nation The Trail of Tears (1830 – 1840) Watch the following video clip making notes on key events and the following people. President of the Cherokee National Committee, John Ross (Kooweskoowe) United States Supreme Court Chief Justice, John Marshall President, Andrew Jackson Trail of Tears video (part 1) Trail of Tears video (part 2)

The Cherokee Nation The Trail of Tears (1830 – 1840)

Consequences of Imperialism In order to protect their sovereignty, nations endeavoured to develop sources of power such as the industrial capacity to produce arms, self-sufficiency in food supplies, a large loyal population to supply the military, and the necessary territory to support these needs. Many European economies were unable because of tradition or lack of economic growth to provide the opportunities which people were demanding.

Consequences of Imperialism Many Europeans looked to other parts of the world to find opportunities to build a better life. The demands of European immigration almost always resulted in a loss of rights for indigenous peoples. The rivalry for colonies was both fuelled by and in turn accentuated the growing mistrust which characterized the international politics of the late nineteenth century industrialized world.