1 CATHY SHIDE, CONSULTANT TO INFINITY AND BEYOND... GOING BEYOND ANSWER GETTING

OBJECTIVES Integrate the math practices with word problems teachers and students going beyond answer getting Use different modes of representation to solve problems with a focus on Fractions, Ratios, and Percents 2

PROBLEM #1 Cathy and Joan started out with the same number of coins. Cathy lost 15 coins and Joan gained 36. How many more coins does Joan have than Cathy? 3

4 1.After reading the problem, mark the who or what and unit bars. Cathys coins Joans coins 2.Re-read each sentence and adjust the unit bars accordingly. Cathys loses 12 and Joan gains 36 3.Record the ?, what students need to find ? 4.Students solve and try to record an equation if possible = 48 CL + JG = ? What Cathy lost plus what Joan gained equals how many more coins Joan has. Cathys coins Joans coins Cathys coins Joans coins

TAPE DIAGRAM A drawing that looks like a segment of tape, used to illustrate number relationships. Also known as a strip diagram, bar model, fraction strip, or length model. Also referenced in Visual Fraction Model definition. - CCSSM (Glossary) p. 87 5

6.RP.3 Students were creating spirit necklaces to sell for a fundraiser. A necklace takes twice as many purple beads as white beads and 4 times as many purple beads as black beads. One necklace takes 28 beads. What is the number of each color of beads? 6

7.RP.3 A class had 32 students and twenty-five percent were boys. When some new boys joined the class, the percentage of boys increased to 40%. How many new boys joined the class? 7

7.RP.3 Two students were running for school president. Student A received 65% of the votes and had 900 more votes than Student B. How many students voted? 8

5.NF.4 The fundraising committee made 400 pizzas. The students sold 5/8 of the pizzas and took 1/5 of the remainder for a party. How many pizzas did the committee have left to sell? 9

GROUP PROBLEM SOLVING Work with your colleagues to create: A manipulative model with your color tiles A tape diagram (bar model) of your problem An equation A verbal description of your thought process What other questions can be answered about your situation/problem? 10

WHAT DO YOU KNOW? WHAT CAN YOU ANSWER? A cran-apple mixture is made up of 3 parts apple juice and 1 part cranberry juice. The company will use 5 gallon containers for the cran-apple mixture. 11

WHAT ARE THE MATH PRACTICES? Look at your Bulleted List of Math Practices What practices have you been engaged in? 12

ANSWER GETTING VS. LEARNING MATH USA: How can I teach my kids to get the answer to this problem? Use mathematics they already know. Easy, reliable, works with bottom half, good for classroom management. Japanese: How can I use this problem to teach the mathematics of this unit? 13 Phil Daro, Writer of CCSS in Mathematics, Slide 16, math.org/resources/downloads/Daro%20PS%20Conference.p pt math.org/resources/downloads/Daro%20PS%20Conference.p pt

POSING THE PROBLEM Whole class: pose problem, make sure students understand the language, no hints at solution Focus students on the problem situation, not the question/answer game. Hide question and ask them to formulate questions that make situation into a word problem Ask 3-6 questions about the same problem situation; ramp questions up toward key mathematics that transfers to other problems 14 Phil Daro, Writer of CCSS in Mathematics, Slide 80, math.org/resources/downloads/Daro%20PS%20Conference.p pt math.org/resources/downloads/Daro%20PS%20Conference.p pt

WHAT PROBLEM TO USE? Problems that draw thinking toward the mathematics you want to teach. NOT too routine, right after learning how to solve. Ask about a chapter: what is the most important mathematics students should take with them? Find a problem that draws attention to this mathematics Begin chapter with this problem (from lesson 5 thru 10, or chapter test). This has diagnostic power. Also shows you where time has to go. Also near end of chapter, while still time to respond 15 Phil Daro, Writer of CCSS in Mathematics, Slide 81, math.org/resources/downloads/Daro%20PS%20Conference.p pt math.org/resources/downloads/Daro%20PS%20Conference.p pt

REFLECTIONS What were the big ideas in this session? How can I implement the ideas from this session? What do I still need? 16