Electro-Optic Systems Integration Laboratory Australian Government Department of Defence Shane Kelly Electro-Optic Countermeasures Group Electronic Warfare & Radar Division, DSTO

Overview EW SIL EO SIL Virtual environment for HWIL Equipment Applications Signature Generation Simulation Motion False Alarm Environments Requirements on Sources and Source Capability LED DMD Future Plans

EW Systems Integration Laboratory HWITL/HITL virtual environment (EW SIL) EO SIL – MAWS, LWR RF Systems Virtual MANPADS, RPG Virtual Cockpit Demonstrated real-time integration with CECOM HITL Software models

EO Systems Integration Laboratory Facilities Instrumented Threat Warning Systems 47/54/57/60 VVR-1 Stimulator Instrumentation (UV) Baringa, Hydra, Mallina, Real-time sources (UV LED Insertion under contract) HiFi Signature Generation Sensor Motion Control Real-time shot truthing Control Software Simulation Definition Simulation Execution Automatic Manual Networked Analysis

Sensor/System Evaluation Sensor Characterisation Sensitivity, FOV, fault verification Laboratory replay of trials Pd determination Engagement time-lines Virtual trials Utilising high fidelity signature generation Stochastic False Alarm Comparison Currently unable to replicate: Atmospheric Scatter Multiple targets (~ 100) in repeatable way Atmospheric Scintillation (yet)

High Fidelity Signature Generation Parameterisation of Off-axis Scattering Intensity Calculation (OSIC) + Occlusion Model Inputs Sensor Parameters Threat, Sensor positions and orientations Threat emissions and Atmospheric Conditions Output Photon Intensity distribution Photon distributions generated off-line into 6-D look-up table Coupled with appropriate fly-out model Generates scene of distributed photons for each time-step of fly-out model Better than real-time demonstrated (provided intensity not too great) Currently only direct and near-axis scattered component implemented in EO SIL

Shot Truthing Stimulator Shot Truthing Core to qualification of trial replay capability Instrumentation of actual field radiometers Immediate determination of deviation from intended shot Includes elementary image truthing Object counting for FAR analysis Potential motion truthing

Lateral Motion

Laboratory False Alarm Environments Requirements Multiple sources Varying radiometric signal characteristics Attack/sustain/decay + modulation Independent motion Stochastic Evaluation Reflected tinsel/disco-ball Arbitrary Stochastic Evaluation UV LED

Rocket Motor Emissions Boost Ignition Incandescent Source Eject Spike Boost Sustain

Target Sensor Irradiance Sustain Boost Ignition Boost Eject Spike

Including Signal Noise Sustain Incandescent Source Boost Ignition Boost Eject Spike

Sources Incandescent Lamp with Quartz Envelope Alternate Sources MEON/Baringa RTS Mallina Alternate Sources Laser Expensive Arc Difficult to control Problems emitting low amplitude Problems when in motion Typically noisy UV Light Emitting Diode Dramatically Improved frequency response Reduced noise level Digital Mirror Device Reproduce scene, or Modulate signal with high resolution Good frequency response

UV LEDs Available at 5nm increments across 250 – 300 nm High power ~20nm FWHM Can replicate some spectral content High power Significantly increase safety issue over QH Frequency response > 10 KHz Mechanical modulation no longer required Replication of noise Low emission noise ‘The optimum UV stimulation device’ Have demonstrated reproduction of 5ms pulse Schedule for insertion in EO SIL before end FY 09/10

Atmospheric Scattering Total = Direct + Forward Scattered Direct Forward Scattered (1st order) Forward Scattered (2nd order)

UV Projector XGA Digital Mirror Device 1024 x 768 binary mirrors ± 12 degrees mirror tilt 13.68 µm mirror pitch Supports 9.7K frames/sec

DLP Applications in EO SIL Multiple benign and threat sources All sources can move independently Accurate representation of scattered component Temporal control of source intensity

Future Work Qualified replication of field trials Improved Noise Modelling Engaging PhD candidate under tri-party agreements Optical replication of virtual engagements Implementation of UV LED Further development of UV scene projection Transition to infrared

Key Staff DSTO BAE Systems Australia Shane Kelly (Threat Warning Section Lead) Ray Darling (EW SIL Lab Manager) Stephane Collignon (EO SIL Lab manager) Bill Field (Senior Technical Officer) Mark Panizza (UV Scene Parameterisation) first.last@dsto.defence.gov.au BAE Systems Australia Victor Florea (Optical Scientist) Tri Luu (Software Engineer) Langdon Davis (Software Engineer) first.last@baesystems.com

Questions?