The Treaty of Saint Germain-en-Laye Austria-Hungary break up and Austria proper

Introductory Slide The end of the war meant the end of Austria-Hungary – According to Wilson’s 14 points it would break up the empire into various national components – Break up did not alleviate the national problems, actually made them more politically unstable – Austria and Hungary became seperate republics Austrio-Hungarian Empire was to be dissolved – Republic of Austria is created – Initially they had wanted their new republics name to be German Austria (Deutschösterreich) but this was not allowed by the League of Nations

Country it Adresses Which of the central powers is it dealing with: – Germany and Austria-Hungary When was it ratified (signed): – 10 September 1919 (but came into force on July 16, 1920) What, in general, is said about the country in the treaty – Punishments for being involved in the war – The alliance between Germany and Austria was forbidden – Austria went from 116,000 square miles and 30,000,000 people to less than 32,400 square miles and around 6,000,000 people with few resources

Political Outcomes Austria could not unite with Germany without permission from the League of Nations The break up of Austria-Hungary made the nation politically unstable Austria was required to recognize the independence of Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Hungary and Poland

Economic Outcomes – Much of their territory was given up to the newly created states Trieste, Isria, and part of Tyrol were given to Italy Moravia and part of Silesia were given to Czechoslovakia Bukovina was given to Rumania Bosnia, Herzegovina and Dalmatia were given to Yugoslavia Galicia was given to Poland Austria was now forbidden to unite with Germany – Austria depended on Germany for certain goods Austria had to pay reparations and had to be disarmed to the lowest limit Austria was asked to pay for reparations for the next 30 years, but no money was ever actually paid

Military Outcomes Austria had to pay reparations and had to be disarmed to the lowest limit – 30,000 volunteers Broke up the Austro-Hungarian navy and distributed it among the Allies The treaty was violated in 1936 when Austria began to build up its army – Then rendered worthless after Germany seized Austria in 1938

Other Countries formed by/Addressed in this Treaty Land taken from Austria Trieste, Isria, and part of Tyrol were given to Italy Moravia and part of Silesia were given to Czechoslovakia Bukovina was given to Rumania Bosnia, Herzegovina and Dalmatia were given to Yugoslavia Galicia was given to Poland Ethnic & religious majorities and minorities – The treaty guaranteed the independence and integrity of racial, religious, and linguistic minorities Economy of the country – Begins to deteriorate Problems that arise from the formation of this country – Reduction of population, territory and resources lead to disaster The incorporation of the German speaking population of the border territories of the Sudetenland into the artificially created state of Czechoslovakia lead to problems – Becomes one of the causatory factors of World War II (Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919))

Assessments of the Treaty What Lloyd George thinks What Clemenceau thinks What Wilson thinks (include US reaction and any subsequent treaties…remember, the US did not ratify the treaty of Versailles

Personal Assessment Harsh – Completely destroyed Austria’s power Lenient – Austria-Hungary was a major reason for World War I Weakened Austria – Even their economy was collapsing – Politically unstable The treaty of Versailles, and Wilson’s 14 points – Intended to create peace, not feelings of vengeance from Austria Good idea – Prevented retaliation Weaker nation, weaker army

Personal Assessment Solution to causes of WWI? – Prevented a secret alliance between Austria and Germany One of the most leading causes of WWI were Secret Alliances In this case, Germany’s blank cheque to Austria – Militarily Austria is extremely limited with their army Very weak Would not be strong enough to retaliate – Imperialism The Empire was split up, therefore they didn’t have power – Nationalism By splitting up the empire the idea of nationalism was harder to keep in within the nation

MLA Sources "Results of the First World War." The Corner. TheCorner.org. Web. 28 Dec "Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)." The Free Dictionary. Farlex, Inc. Web. 28 Dec "Treaty of Saint-Germain." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Web. 3 Jan "Treaty of Saint-Germain" HowStuffWorks.com. 27 February January