Structure and Aims of the UN Sukrit, Han Yang, Yi xiang 401

Aims  Preserve peace and eliminate war  Remove causes of conflict by encouraging economic, social, educational, scientific and cultural progress throughout the world  Safeguard the rights of all individuals and nations

Structure  General Assembly  Security council  Secretariat  International Court of Justice  Trusteeship Council  Economic and Social Council  International Criminal Court(inaugurated in 2003)

General Assembly  Annual meeting of representatives from all member nations  Each member can send up to 5, 1 vote per nation  Main decision making body of the UN  Decisions do not need unanimous votes, only require a simple majority  However they can meet in times of crisis

Security Council  Charged with maintaining peace and security among countries by military or economic actions  Sits in permanent session  Approval of UN membership which requires two-third majority by General Assembly  Has 15 members: five permanent members with veto power, and ten elected members

Secretariat  Look after admin work  Preparing minutes of meetings, translations and information  It is headed by the Secretary General, which is appointed by the recommendation of the Security Council on a 5 year term  SG acts as a spokesman for the UN, and is always at the forefront of international affairs, to sort out world problems

International court of justice  Consists of 15 judges of different nationalities elected for 9 year terms  Elected by the Assembly and Security council  Adjudicates in disputes between states  The court has heard cases related to war crimes, illegal state interference and ethnic cleansing, among others, and continues to hear cases.

The trusteeship council  was established to help ensure that trust territories were administered in the best interests of their inhabitants and of international peace and security.  The trust territories—most of them former mandates of the League of Nations or territories taken from nations defeated at the end of World War II—have all now attained self-government or independence, either as separate nations or by joining neighbouring independent countries.

The economic and social council  27 members, elected by the general assembly on an annual basis  Organizes projects concerned with health, education and other social and economic matters  Co ordinates the work of various commissions and specialized agencies, around 30 in all  Eg: ILO, WHO, UNESCO

Examples  International Labour Organization: An agency dealing with labour issues, particularly international labour standards and decent work for all.  World Health Organization (WHO): A specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that is concerned with international public health.  UNESCO: An agency that contributes peace and security by promoting international collaboration through education, science, and culture in order to further universal respect for justice, the rule of law, and human rights along with fundamental freedom proclaimed in the UN Charter

The international criminal court  To try individuals accused of crimes against humanity, permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression  A possible way of dealing with drug traffickers and terrorists

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