Ch 16, Pt 3: The Church World History

Describe the first churches. Thought Jesus was returning soon Lived together in small groups Shared goods Took turns conducting worship services in homes

Who were the apostles and what did they do? Followers of Jesus who preached the gospel and visited various groups Taught and gave advice on problems

Why did Christians develop church organization? Realized Jesus was not coming back as soon as they thought Looked for ways to hold the churches together

Where did the early Christians get the idea for the structure of the church? Structure of the Roman Empire

Who is the Pope? Archbishop of Rome who claimed authority over all other archbishops Name is Latin for “father”

Draw a diagram depicting early church structure.

Describe the split between Latin and Greek churches. Why did it happen? When did it happen? What are the names of the two churches? Latin-speaking Christians thought the Pope was head of all churches Greek-speaking Christians thought the archbishop of Constantinople was the head of their churches Split in 1054 AD Latin churches became the Roman Catholic Church Greek churches became the Eastern Orthodox Church

What kinds of writings make up the New Testament? List some of the authors of books of the New Testament. Accounts of Jesus’ life and letters to the churches Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Paul

What is doctrine? Official teachings of the church

What is heresy? False doctrines that the councils did not accept

What does “Father of the Church” mean? Scholars who wrote works that greatly influenced later Christian thinkers

What was Jerome’s accomplishment? Translated the Old and New Testaments into Latin His work was called the Vulgate It became the official Latin bible used by the Roman Catholic Church

What was Augustine’s accomplishment? His most famous work was called City of God Defended Christianity

What is a hermit and why would someone want to become one? Christians who lived apart from others Spent time in prayer and were protected from the temptation of daily life

What did Basil suggest hermits do? Hermits should form communities near cities Protect themselves from the evils of the world Help others by performing good deeds and setting an example of Christian living

What is a monk? What is a nun? Men who followed Basil’s suggestion and lived in monasteries Women who followed Basil’s suggestion and lived in convents

List some of the rules for monks under Benedictine Rule. Give up all possessions Wear simple clothes Only eat certain foods Could not marry Obey abbot without question Attend services 7 times a day and once at midnight Work 6-7 hours a day in the fields

What important role did monks play in the preservation and spread of Christianity? Took care of old Roman and Greek writings and helped western civilization survive