6.e.2.2 The Earth’s Plates

Warm up Do you think new mountains are being formed on Earth today? How do you know?

Volunteers? Yes, mountains are being slowly formed at plate boundaries across the Earth Our mission this week is to learn about tectonic plates and their movements which creates volcanoes, earthquakes and mountain building processes across the Earth’s surface

Announcements Science Fair Project PLAN is due TODAY, MONDAY, DEC 16TH!!! Place in the plastic crate on your way out of class today

Announcements Unit tests have been graded, BUT I still have students who were absent needing to take the test! Tracking on Wednesday!

Announcements Looking ahead…. Finish Layers of the Earth Unit today Begin Plate Tectonics Unit today Quiz (20 questions)on both units Thursday!

Announcements Science Fair BACKGROUND RESEARCH is due FRIDAY, DEC 20TH!!!

Can you name the 4 Layers of the Earth?

Review of the Earth’s layers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N9ncfAsmiSg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NAHY6965o08

Question…. What are the two types of crust found on the Earth?

Remember….. Oceanic Crusts: (basalt) 5-10 kilometers thick, found under the oceans, thinner but more dense Continental Crust: (granite) 35-70 kilometers thick, found under the continents, thicker but less dense

Homework Worksheet on Layers of the Earth Glue, staple, or tape into your notebook and add the entry into your table of contents I will be checking for this on Thursday during your notebook check!

Interactive Notebook Q2 Add entry to Table of Contents 6.E.2.2 Plate Tectonics Assign the next number

Interactive Notebook Q2 Label Next Available Page: 6.E.2.2 Plate Tectonics Number page to match Table of Contents entry Circle the number

Write in Notebook The Earth’s crust is divided into 12 major tectonic plates These plates sit on the dense, hot, layer of the earth known as the lithosphere Lithosphere = the crust and upper portion of the mantle

Write in notebook The Earth’s plates move about 2 inches per year (5 centimeters) Convective currents within the mantle cause the plates to move As they move, the plates: Press against one another (convergent boundary) Pull apart from one another (divergent boundary) Scrape against one another (transform boundary)

Plate boundaries……

What is convection? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEDUtS0IMws

Convection currents in the earth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkKlGXG4lG8

Write in notebook Major geological events occur at these plate boundaries: Earthquakes Volcanic Eruptions Mountain Building

Write in notebook New mountain ranges are being formed where two continental plates press against one another An oceanic plate and a continental plate press against one another

Write in notebook Thin oceanic plates spread outward at areas known as mid-ocean rift zones.

Write in notebook Scientists who study how wave energy travels through the different layers of the Earth are called Seismologists.

Remember…. Waves have characteristics such as: the number of waves that pass a given point in 1 second Frequency (speed of the wave) the height from the rest position to the bottom of the trough or from the rest position to the top of the crest Amplitude Distance from crest to crest or trough to trough Wavelength

Transverse waves…..

Write in notebook…. During an earthquake, energy is released into the Earth as: -Primary waves (compression waves) -Secondary waves (shear waves) -Surface waves

Write in notebook Primary (P) waves travel through both solid rock (granite mountains) and liquid regions (volcanic magma or water of the oceans) on the Earth These waves are like sound waves (compression waves) Travel the fastest

Write in notebook Secondary (S) waves only travel through rock Move twice as slow as P waves Moves at right angles to the direction of travel (transverse waves)

Write in notebook Surface wave Motion is felt along the ground and Earth’s surface. Appear like waves or ripples of water that travel across a lake

Types of earthquake waves