Semester Exam Study Guide Answers- Part I

Monroe Doctrine U.S. stated the Americas were no longer open to European colonization

Ethiopia & Liberia Only countries in Africa able to maintain their independence

Mahatma Gandhi Led India’s independence mvmt.

Roosevelt Corollary Stated the U.S. could act as an international police in the Americas

Boxer Rebellion Attempt by the Chinese to get rid of foreign influence (& govt. corruption) in their country

Imperialism The extension of rule/influence by one govt., nation, or society over another

Panama Canal Started by France, finished by the U.S.-1914

Spanish-American War Cause- bombing of the USS Maine Winner- U.S.

Meiji Enlightened rule/ruler

Berlin Conference Africans were not invited to the meeting (to have a say about their country)

Pakistan Created in 1947 when India gained its independence

Boer War Winner- British 3 groups fighting- Boers, Africans, British

Thailand King Mongkut and his son were able to establish it as a neutral/buffer zone b/w France and Britain’s territories

Open Door Policy U.S. issued this policy & said China should stay open to trade

armistice Signed by France and Germany, to end WWI

Spark that lit the fuse Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, started WWI

Czarina Alexandra Ran Russia’s govt. while her husband was away at war

Austria & declaration of war Declared war on Serbia first

Treaty of Versailles Known as a “treaty built on quicksand” due to its problems

Big Four countries U.S., Britain, France, Italy

Central Powers Going into WWI – Germany and Austria- Hungary

Germany & guilt clause Germany had to accept full responsibility for the war

Allies (going into WWI) Britain, France, Russia

Four causes of WWI Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Do not have to know the details

Schlieffen Plan Germany would race west, defeat France and fight Russia in the east

Austro-Hungarian heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Belgium Neutral country that refused to allow Germany to pass through and was then invaded by Germany

Slogan of Lenin Peace, Land, and Bread

Battles near Verdun/Somme River These battles showed just how ineffective trench warfare was

Pres. Wilson Represented the U.S. at the Paris Peace Conference Had the idea for the Fourteen Points plan

Battle of the Marne Caused Germany to fight a war on two fronts

Rasputin “holy man” who had political and emotional control over the Czarina Was allowed to make key political decisions at court, which many did not like

Lusitania Sunk by a German u-boat, killed 128 Americans (helped bring the U.S. into the war)

League of Nations From the Fourteen Points Would protect great and small states alike

Zimmermann Note Germany would help Mexico regain land from the U.S. if Mexico allied with Germany

March Revolution Overall result- the Czar and his family were assassinated

Lenin Leader of the Bolsheviks Helped to bring Russia out of its revolution