Hybrid journals at Nature Publishing Group COASP 19 th September, 2013 James Butcher PhD Associate Director Open Publishing

2 OA at NPG 61 NPG journals are fully OA or have an OA option –NPG will publish ~5000 OA papers in 2013 (not including Frontiers) 46 are hybrid OA journals –~1300 OA articles in 2013 ~800 will be published in 45 journals (~5% uptake) ~500 will be published in Nature Communications (~30% uptake) 15 journals are fully OA –~3700 OA articles in 2013 ~1200 in 14 specialist fully OA journals ~2500 in Scientific Reports

3 Nature Communications Launched in April 2010 Scope: all areas of the natural sciences Authors can choose subscription or OA at acceptance ~20% accept rate In-house editorial team Offers three Creative Commons licenses –CC BY ($5200) –CC BY-NC-ND ($4800) –CC BY-NC-SA ($4800)

4 Submissions Received ~20,000 submissions since launch The journal received ~1200 submissions in August 2013; (Nature receives ~900 / month) ~33% of submissions were previously considered at another Nature journal

5 The editorial team has grown… 18 months ago…

6 The editorial team has grown… Hired Hiring

7 Publications Published 701 papers in 2012 Expect to publish ~1600 papers in 2013, of which ~500 will be OA In 2012, the 16 Nature Research Journals published ~2100 papers 53% biology 33% physics 11% chemistry 3% earth and environmental sciences

8 OA uptake rate In 2012, 41% of authors chose OA In 2013, 31% of authors chose OA OA uptake rate varies by subject In 2013: –39% of biologists chose OA –34% of physicists chose OA –23% of earth scientists chose OA –22% of chemists chose OA

9 Licenses We started to offer CC BY in April, 2013 Since then, ~25% of OA authors have chosen CC BY The uptake of CC BY-NC-ND has not changed; it looks as though some of the CC BY-NC-SA authors have moved to CC BY 35% of authors choose the most restrictive license OASPA membership NPG does not qualify for membership of OASPA because we offer SA and ND licenses on all our OA journals. However, 75% of our authors choose these licenses. Should publishing companies dictate license terms to authors?

10 1 July 2012 – 7 Nov 2012 We started to offer CC-BY on July 1 Published ~230 papers Order of the license on the form was: –SA –ND –BY Were more authors choosing ND because it was the middle option? An aside: license choice (Scientific Reports) June 2011 – July 2012 Published 618 papers 72% were CC-BY-NC-SA 28% were CC-BY-NC-ND Next 3 weeks Changed the order on the form to: –ND –SA –BY 36 authors chose a license in the following 3 week period:

11 Metrics Web traffic 5.5m page views in m page views in Jan to Aug 2013 Impact factor The 2012 impact factor is ~150 journals (out of 8500) have an IF >10

12 Unanswered questions Are open access articles cited more than subscription articles? Does this vary by subject area? Are open access articles viewed more than subscription articles? Is there a correlation between page views and citations? We are looking for a statistician to independently analyse this data set. Recommendations welcome.

13 NPG does not “double dip” Nature Publishing Group has published its hybrid journal site license pricing policy. Under this policy, any price adjustments for 2014 (for example) are based on the year- on-year change in subscription content published in 2011 and For example In 2011 Journal X publishes 100 subscription papers In 2012 Journal X starts to offer OA as hybrid option In 2012 Journal X publishes 80 subscription papers and 20 OA papers Therefore the price in 2014 would decrease by 20% However, at the request of our librarian panel, the price will not change unless the % change (either up or down) is >10%