Professor Edward J Blakely Chair of Urban and Regional Planning Director, Planning Research Centre The University of Sydney

Sea change in Australia Source: Murphy, P. 2004

A typology of coastal communities TypologyDescriptionCoastal Communities Coastal Commuters Suburbanised satellite communities in peri metropolitan locations Gosford, Wyong, Wanneroo Coastal Getaways Small to medium coastal towns within 3 hours drive of a capital city Alexandrina, Busselton, Surf Coast, Victor Harbor, Yankalilla Coastal Cities Substantial urban conurbations beyond the State capitals Maroochy, Wollongong Coastal Lifestyle Destinations Predominantly tourism and leisure communities Byron, Eurobodalla, Great Lakes, Clarence Valley Coastal Hamlets Small, remote coastal communities often surrounded by protected natural areas Augusta-Margaret River

Challenges for coastal communities Traditional resource based or productive sectors: agriculture, fisheries and forestry Shift from traditional economic activities towards service oriented industries: tourism, retail Demographic changes: aging population & come/go of non-elderly population Infrastructure, housing, service and amenity to cater for socio-demo changes Social equity and environmental sensitivity Planning strategy, policy and governance response

Planning for the Workstyle Communities a) Sacred Places b) Community Character c) Community Socio-economic Diversity d) Community Boundary e) Creative Work Centres

Civic Culture as a Economic Resource Evolution of Tourist Based to Human Economy Base New Import –Export Lexicon Civic Milieu as an Economic Resource Developing Civic Economy The Global Local Features of the New Paradigm

Changing Cultural Resources

2.Made to be traditional looking community a) Tradition and Preservation Planning b) Tourism c) Community Design Element d) Community History and artefacts as attractors e) Community Education

Established/Matured LGAs Globally Exposed LGAs Declining LGAs Transitional LGAs Enhanced Scatter Plot Approach to Group Sea Change LGAs in Australia

Enhanced scatter plot method

Population Change by Age Cohort ( Census)

Wyong community survey: Reasons for leaving previous community

Wyong community survey: Reasons for moving to Wyong

Wyong community survey: community opinions on Wyong’s economic future

The Economic Community EconomyCommunity

ECONOMY / TOURISM Lack of economic diversity – growth in tourism and residential development associated with part time, temporary or seasonal positions in service industries. Employment in traditional productive industries like agriculture, fishery and forestry and manufacturing sectors is declining. Economic development strategy aims to protect and support existing businesses and develop and attract diverse range of activities by building on and enhancing local assets and resources. Where possible, compatible activities are linked, providing opportunities for value adding, more stable annual (as opposed to seasonal) employment, and skills development. Local firms establish connections to regional, national, and international markets. Regional strategy for economic development Regional / local branding based on environmental credentials Economic performance indicators

Re-Use of Existing Spaces with Non Profit

Economy and tourism: Strategic responses Business incentive / incubation: Encouraging businesses to locate within local area Assistance with grants Business incubation centres Facilitate networks / clusters Business training Assist new local graduates

3.Capacity Planning a) Community Master Settlement Plan b) Infrastructure Planning c) Environmental Planning d) Zoning e) Economic Development and Community Development Corporations f) Regional Governance Models

Human Capital Techno-Infrastructure Nodes &Catalyst

Economy and tourism: Strategic responses Regional economic development strategies Use quality of life asset to attract skilled workers, entrepreneurs & business leaders Seek industries that offer high wages & skilled positions

4.Techno-community a) Adding Technology to new housing b) Retrofitting technology to homes c) Community Creativity as new economic development opportunity

University as Collaborative Builder  University to University relations  University to key constituents as verifier  University to Civic Leaders as unbiased actor  University to government as honest broker

Preparing for the Next Waves: State and Regional Responses Do leaders understand the opportunity? What must we do to ensure it happens here? What are the requirements? How can local people and communities benefit? Can we avoid some of the pitfalls of past waves?