Unit 4 Sharing

Volunteer What does the word “ volunteer” mean? People who help others in their community or outside their community would be called volunteers. However, they would not be called volunteers if they help their parents, other relatives or friends. 中国青年志愿者“标志的整体构图为心的造型，同时也是英文“青年”的第一个字母Y；图案中央既是手，也是鸽子的造型。标志寓意为中国青年志愿者向社会上所有需要帮助的人们奉献一片爱心，伸出友爱之手，以跨世纪的精神风貌，面向世界，走向未来，表现青年志愿者“热情献社会；真情暖人心”的主题

What is a volunteer? fight against the flood and rescue the old and the sick

plant trees and protect our environment

help the disabled

clean the community

Teach the kids in the mountainous areas

Can you describe your school life in Jiangmen No Can you describe your school life in Jiangmen No. 1 Senior Middle School?

Can you describe the life in P.N.G.(Papua New Guinea)?

Independent State of Papua New Guinea 巴布亚新几内亚独立国

Location: situated to the north of Australia Population: about 5.7 million Language: English as the official language Pidgin English as the language for communication Economy: a poor country with most people living in tribal villages and depending on subsistence farming to make a living. Education: About 85% of children start school but only about 60% of these reach Year 5

PNG’s national flag and national emblem(国徽) PNG’s paper currency

houses made of bamboo and grass

the tribe (部落)

the villagers

worked in Papua New Guinea (PNG) for two years. Pre-reading (2m) Jo ,a volunteer , worked in Papua New Guinea (PNG) for two years. The following photos were taken by Jo in PNG. Look at the photos and answer the questions.

1. What was Jo’s job in PNG? Jo was a teacher in PNG. 2. What kind of students were in her class? Boys who were as young as we are. 3. What were the classrooms like? The classrooms are very poor, made from bamboo and grass.

Reading Scanning and try to divide it into four parts, and summarize what each part is about. Opening of the letter and introduction to what will be talked about in the passage. Part 1(Paragraph 1) :

Part 2(Paragraph 2-3): Part 3 (Paragraph 4-7): Part 4 (Paragraph 8): The school where Jo worked and Jo’s work at school. Jo and Jenny visited Tombe’s home in the village. Closing of the letter. Part 2(Paragraph 2-3): Part 3 (Paragraph 4-7): Part 4 (Paragraph 8):

Reading carefully Read the passage carefully to complete the tables below!

Table 1 (about the school) Conditions Our school The school described in the letter Classrooms (Equipped or not) Equipped Not equipped

Chemistry experiments (Many/few) Go to college or work Students’ future Electricity and water (Y/N) Textbook (Y/N) Chemistry experiments (Many/few) Go to college or work Return to the villages Yes No Yes No Many Few

Table 2 (about the life in the village) Read Paragraph 4-7 and finish the chart Type of houses Diet Family relationships Possessions Cooking methods Agriculture Sleeping arrangement Beliefs

Type of houses Men’s hut is a ______________ with _____________________. No _______, small __________. Floor was covered with ___________. Family relationships Everyone seemed to be a ________ of Tombe’s. (large extended family) Cooking methods _________ are placed in an _______, then ___________ are placed in the drum, covered with ____________ and _____. low bamboo hut grass sticking out of the roof windows doorway fresh grass relative Hot stones vegetables oil drum banana leaves steamed

Sleeping arrangements Kiak usually slept in her _______. A newly made ________ for Jenny and me to sleep on. own hut platform sweet potato corns greens Diet ___________, _____ and ______. Possessions I could only see a few __________ and _____ and a couple of ____. tin plates cups pots Agriculture Tools are very basic. There is no ___________. machinery

Beliefs The villagers believe that any ________ attract _________ in the night so the food is ________ in the can and the can is then ___________ of the hut. leftovers evil spirits dried up thrown out

Would you like to work as a volunteer in a poor area? speaking Would you like to work as a volunteer in a poor area?

A volunteering teacher in Guizhou

徐本禹---2003年”感动 中国十大 人物”之一

Period 3 Learning about language Unit 4 Sharing Period 3: 幻灯片41-61页

Ex. 1 on page 32 adjust grill relevant doorway privilege arrangement check the exercise (5m) Ex. 1 on page 32 adjust grill relevant doorway privilege arrangement

Ex. 2 on page 32 Sharon looked at herself in the mirror and sighed. Her hair was ___________ all over the place. She smoothed it down with a wet comb. She thought about the time when she had met him three months before. He was the nicest boy she had ever ____________. He had rung her often but now she hadn’t __________ him for two weeks. Why not? She decided to find out. She walked down to the ________ to catch the train. She felt both excited and nervous. She was __________ see him again but what if he didn’t want to see her? sticking out come across heard from platform dying to

定语从句复习 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。别修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有：which, that, who, whom, whose。引导英语从句的关系副词有：where, when, why。

先行词是物 先行词是人 定语 地点状语 时间状语 主 宾 关系代词 which that who whom whose 关系副词 where when 注：1.介词提前时一般只用which和whom。 2.whose+名词=the+名词+of which/ of whom

宜用that引导的定语从句 1）序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时，要用that。 The first English novel that I read was A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens. all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词作先行词时用that。 Everything that we saw in the factory greatly interested us. 先行词有两个，既有人也有物，要用that。 We were talking about the persons and things that we remembered in our school. 先行词前有the only, the very, the right等修饰时，要用that。 It is the very skirt that suits me well.

(2)宜用which引导的定语从句 当定语从句的介词提前时，要用which。 The house in which they lived last year has been rebuilt. 引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which。 He bought a railway ticket for the woman, which helped her a lot.

(3)宜用as引导的定语从句 先行词与such, the same连用或先行词本身就是the same, such时，要用as。 Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. Would you like to buy the same pen as I have? 2) 代替整个句子，在从句中作主语，而从句位于句首时，要用as。 As is well known, the earth goes around the sun.

(4) 宜用who引导的定语从句。 当先行词是人称代词或是those, anyone等时，常用who。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth.

高考链接 D I have many friends, __________ some are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 解析：答案D。考查介词+关系代词

高考链接 2. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but __________ didn’t help. A. which B. it C. she D. he B 解析：答案B。此句不是考试定语从句，而是一个并列句。but连接两个句子。it指代前一句的内容。

高考链接 If a shop has chairs ________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A. that B. which C. when D. where D 解析：答案D。先行词chairs在定语从句中作状语，用where。

高考链接 ----Why does she always ask you for help? ----There is no one else ______, is there? A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn B 解析：答案B。one是先行词，省略了关系代词that。

高考链接 5. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ________ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that A 解析：答案A。该题考查定语从句介词+关系代词。

高考链接 6. Do you still remember the chicken farm _______ we visited three months ago? A. in which B. by which C. which D. that C 解析：答案C。先行词farm在从句中作visit的宾语。

高考链接 7. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ________ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which A 解析：答案A。该题考查定语从句介词+关系代词。

高考链接 A 8. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that 解析：答案A。先行词her trousers在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词where。

高考链接 9. ________ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What B 解析：答案B。代替整个句子，在从句中作主语，而从句位于句首时，要用as。

高考链接 10.Is this the only reason ______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. that he explained B. what he explained C. why he explained D. which he explained A 解析：答案A。先行词前有the only, the very, the right等修饰时，要用that。

Period 4 Reading II Unit 4 Sharing

Pre-reading (5m) Have you ever tried to send a gift or something to the children in the poor areas or countries?

http://www.tear.org.au/giftcatalogue/index.shtml

Welcome to the World’s Most Useful Gift Catalogue, arguably the most practical response to global poverty and over-consumption. Do you ever feel that your friends and family don’t really need the gifts you give them? Or, are you sick of receiving ‘novelty’ gifts, when you know that so many people go without?

This catalogue is full of really useful gifts for people who really need them. People who work hard to overcome poverty, to build a better life for their families and their neighbours. So if you’re after platters, popcorn makers and picnic sets – try another catalogue. But if you want gifts like books for a community school ($5), a goat for a family ($50), or health care for a remote village ($60), then this catalogue is for you!

What does the page show you? Where is the list of gifts? Fast reading (2m) Glance quickly at the text and answer the following questions. What does the page show you? Where is the list of gifts? In what kind of order are the gifts listed? How much are cheapest and dearest gift? Where is the gift card? What do the photos show you?

1. What does the page show you? The page shows how to send gifts to those who need it. 2. Where is the list of gifts? On the left side of the page below the picture with a man in it.

3. In what kind of order are the gifts listed 3. In what kind of order are the gifts listed? How much are cheapest and dearest gift? The gifts are listed in order of the prices. 4. Where is the gift card? On the right side of the page over the picture with a lot of children in it.

5. What do the photos show you? The picture on the left shows a woman working on a sewing machine. The one on the right shows that many children are waiting for help to come to them.

A. buy something in a shop B. ask for it from a poor children Detailed reading (5m) Read the text carefully and do the following exercise. 1. In the Internet pages, there’s a card on the right, it will be given to you when you____ A. buy something in a shop B. ask for it from a poor children C. choose from the catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world’s poorest D. come to India C

2. When you want to give child vaccinations against 6 killer diseases, you must send _____ $50 B. $20 $8 D. $85 3. The purpose of the Internet Page is to ____ let people give an unusual gift to the poor let people get an unusual card let people learn something useful let people make money B A

4. How much are the cheapest and dearest gifts? $ 8 B. $ 10 $ 15 D. $ 5 5. You can use the card for the following occasions except _______ anniversaries B. birthdays C. burials D. weddings D C

G Basic adult education Detailed reading (5m) On the Internet page, when you click on each gift, you get a description of that gift. In pairs, write the correct gift (A to U)from the Internet page next to each description below. This gift allows a woman who is a trained tailor to make some income, giving her and her family a better future. This gift gives a man or a woman the opportunity to acquire basic reading and writing, and life skills. Adults develop the confidence to participate in the social, economic and political lives of their communities. N A sewing machine G Basic adult education

This gift covers the cost of production and distribution of seedlings, as well as training in tree care for the local villagers who are working hard to prevent their land from turning into desert. This gift buys a goat. A goat gives milk and is a valuable income. Goats increase in number quickly and add much to a family’s food and financial security. They are easy and fun for children to care for. A 20 tree seedlings J A goat for a poor family

This gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages. This gift gives a child a good start in life. Community schools provide good quality education for children who would otherwise have no opportunity to attend school. F Basic health-care services I One year of primary schooling

Discussion (5m) Imagine you and your classmates want to donate some of your pocket money to help those in need in another country. Work as a team and decide how much of your pocket money you would like to donate. What would you do with your group’s donation? Do you think the gifts like those in “The World’s Most Useful Catalogue” are a good idea? Give at least two reasons for your answers.

Period 5 Listening Unit 4 Sharing

http://www.msf.org/ Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) = doctors without borders (MSF) is an international humanitarian aid organisation that provides emergency medical assistance to populations in danger in more than 70 countries.

objectives: MSF is an independent humanitarian medical aid agency committed to two objectives: providing medical aid wherever needed, regardless of race, religion, politics or sex and raising awareness of the plight(困境，情况) of the people we help.

( ) in 1997 ( ) over the last few years Listening-I (5m) In the listening, Jennifer Wells interviews Dr Mary Murray, a volunteer with Medicines Sans Frontieres (MSF). They use time expressions to talk about what has happened in Mary’s life. Listen to these expressions and number them in the order you hear them. ( ) in 1997 ( ) over the last few years ( ) in 1990 ( ) for six more months ( ) in the future ( ) in the 1980s ( ) for two weeks ( ) in 1992 ( ) in 2001 ( ) in two weeks’ time ( ) for a couple of months 6 8 3 11 9 2 1 4 7 10 5

Listen to the tape again and answer the following questions. Listening-II (5m) Listen to the tape again and answer the following questions. Why did Mary decide to work in developing countries? When Mary worked in a clinic in Malawi, why did the children die? In the Sudan, why was it nearly impossible for Mary to get to the clinics when the rains came? Why were conditions in the clinics in the Sudan challenging? What was one of the effects of Mary’s experiences on her?

Why did Mary decide to work in developing countries? When Mary worked in a clinic in Malawi, why did the children die? Because when she worked in an African health clinic, she saw children with illnesses that could be prevented. Because they didn’t have enough medicines.

In the Sudan, why was it nearly impossible for Mary to get to the clinics when the rains came? Why were conditions in the clinics in the Sudan challenging? Because the roads became so muddy that they spent most of their days digging the car out. Because it could be very hot; it could be nearly impossible to get to the clinics when it rained; the clinics were very basic and the only tools she had were a stethoscope and her hands.

What was one of the effects of Mary’s experiences on her? She now has a much greater appreciation of life and what other people have to go through.

studied medicine. Got to know two African students 1990s Africa Listening-III (5m) Listen again and make note about Mary’s experiences in the table below. Time Place Events 1980s Sydney studied medicine. Got to know two African students 1990s Africa visited her two African friends. Because good friends with their families 1992 visited her two African friends and their families. Worked in their local health clinic for a couple of week Time Place Events 1980s Sydney studied medicine. Got to know two African students 1990s Africa visited her two African friends. Because good friends with their families 1992 visited her two African friends and their families. Worked in their local health clinic for a couple of week Time Place Events 1980s Sydney studied medicine. Got to know two African students 1990s Africa visited her two African friends. Because good friends with their families 1992 visited her two African friends and their families. Worked in their local health clinic for a couple of week Time Place Events 1980s Sydney studied medicine. Got to know two African students 1990s Africa visited her two African friends. Because good friends with their families 1992 visited her two African friends and their families. Worked in their local health clinic for a couple of week

Time Place Events 1997 Malawi volunteered with MSF. Worked with children affected by HIV/AIDS 2001 Sudan conditions were very challenging because of the heat, the rains, the basic clinics Now Australia has returned for two weeks The future will return to the Sudan for six more months. After all, with probably return to Africa a few more times Time Place Events 1997 Malawi volunteered with MSF. Worked with children affected by HIV/AIDS 2001 Sudan conditions were very challenging because of the heat, the rains, the basic clinics Now Australia has returned for two weeks The future will return to the Sudan for six more months. After all, with probably return to Africa a few more times Time Place Events 1997 Malawi volunteered with MSF. Worked with children affected by HIV/AIDS 2001 Sudan conditions were very challenging because of the heat, the rains, the basic clinics Now Australia has returned for two weeks The future will return to the Sudan for six more months. After all, with probably return to Africa a few more times Time Place Events 1997 Malawi volunteered with MSF. Worked with children affected by HIV/AIDS 2001 Sudan conditions were very challenging because of the heat, the rains, the basic clinics Now Australia has returned for two weeks The future will return to the Sudan for six more months. After all, with probably return to Africa a few more times Time Place Events 1997 Malawi volunteered with MSF. Worked with children affected by HIV/AIDS 2001 Sudan conditions were very challenging because of the heat, the rains, the basic clinics Now Australia has returned for two weeks The future will return to the Sudan for six more months. After all, with probably return to Africa a few more times

Speaking (5m) With a partner, take turns to tell each other about Dr Mary Murray. Use the information you have collected from the previous two exercises. Remember to use time expressions.

Period 6 Speaking and writing Unit 4 Sharing

Speaking task Project Hope

Project Hope is a social welfare programme founded by China Youth Development Foundation. Its aim is to raise money to help those children in poor areas who have to leave school early only because their families cannot afford to keep them at school.

大眼睛

大鼻涕

Because I want to share with others … Speaking (10m) Discuss in groups whether you would like to participate in Project Hope by sponsoring a child from a poor area. Give reasons to your answer. If you decided to sponsor a child, how would you do it? You may refer to the following expressions. Why would you …? How could you do that? Because I want to share with others … First, find some information through … The reason is that …Then …Next … Finally …

Writing (20m) Shanshan is a 11-year-old girl from Gansu Province whose family cannot afford to keep her at school. You have just decided to sponsor her. Shanshan loves practising English. Write a short letter to her in English. The following points should be included in your letter.

Hello Shanshan, ___________________ Yours sincerely, _____________ Introduce yourself. Say something about yourself and the things you like doing. Describe your family. Let her know you would like to hear from her. Sign your name.

A writing sample Hello Shanshan, I’m a student of Qin Huangdao No. 1 Senior High School, Hebei Province. My English name is Steve, and I like English very much. Maybe I can help you to continue with your school. I go to school every day except on Sundays. Every morning, we have four lessons, including P.E., arts, Music. I like sports very much, especially football. Whenever I’m free I would play football with my classmates. I also enjoy reading English papers, which gave me great delight, and improve my studies.

I have a small family. There are Father, Mother and I I have a small family. There are Father, Mother and I. Mum often cooks delicious food me. And Dad usually encourages me to study harder in order to serve the country and people better. I think so. So I work very hard a my lessons. I’m looking forward to hearing from you. I want to know what you need badly so that I know what I can do for you. Don’t hesitate to ask for what you want. I will try to help you. Yours sincerely, Yang Xiaoping

Language points for Reading I hear from sb. = receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的信 I look forward to hearing from you. hear about 听说……的事 　 Have you heard about the new anticancer drug? hear of 听说 　 Who's he?--I've never heard of him. hear sb. do/ doing/ done

2. be dying to do / for sth. 渴望做某事； 迫切想要 She is dying to go abroad. I am dying for a glass of water. “渴望”的类似说法 be thirsty for sth. desire to do sth. have a strong desire for sth. long to do sth. long for sb. to do…

up to 还可以表示 3. up to = as many as/ as much as至多 He can earn up to $50,000 a year. up to 还可以表示 1) up until 一直 She lived at home right up to / until she got married. 2) good enough for sth. 胜任 I am not sure if she is really up to that job. 3) 由……负责 It’s up to her to decide whether or not to go on the course.

4. adapt (oneself) to …适应，适合 We have had to adapt quickly to the new system. When you go to a new country, you must adapt yourself to new manners and customs.

注意：adapt (oneself) to 的to是介词，后跟名词或动词-ing形式。类似的词组有： look forward to 盼望 pay attention to 注意 give rise to 引起 be accustomed to 习惯于 be addicted to 沉溺于 be used to 习惯于 be related to 与……相关 lead to 导致/通向 devote oneself to 献身于 contribute to 为……作贡献 access to 接近/进入(某地的)方法

5. come across 偶然遇见／发现 I came across some interesting books in the room. I came across an old friend I hadn’t seen for years. come about 发生 This situation should never have come about. come along 进展 How is your work come along?

I don’t think it will make any difference. 6. make a difference 有关系，有影响，　　 起（重要）作用 Dollars make no difference to him. I don’t think it will make any difference.

7. wonder 用法归纳 wonder wh-词 + to do 想知道…… wonder wh- / if + 从句　想知道…… I was wondering where to spend the weekend. I wonder if you are free this afternoon. It’s no wonder + (that) 从句 难怪，怪不得，不足为奇 No wonder that he has passed the examination.

7. Tombe’s father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roof. stick out 伸出 She stick out her foot and tripped him over. 她伸出脚把他绊倒。

He adjusted quickly to the heat of India. adjust vt. 调整 8. The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. adjust vi. 适应 He adjusted quickly to the heat of India. adjust vt. 调整 He adjusted his tie before entering the hall. adjustable adj.可调整的 adjustment n.调整

9. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food 9. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night so the food is dried up in the can. dry out (使)变干，干透 Water the plant regularly, never letting the soil dry out. dry up (河流，湖泊等)干枯，(使)完全变干 During the drought the river dried up. The writer’s long separation from social dried up his imagination.

10. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. It was a privilege to make his acquaintance. 能认识他真是荣幸之至。 privilege 还表示“特权”、“权利” Only members have the privilege to use the ground. the privilege of citizenship/ equality 公民权/平等权

Language points for Reading II ox 公牛，它的复数形式是oxen。 名词复数形式的特殊变化： 1) 单复数同形：sheep, fish, deer, cattle (牲口牛), staff (全体职员), means (方法), crew(全体工作人员) 2) 一般情况下，以o结尾的名词，其复数形式是加s, 但tomato, potato, hero 和 Negro则在它们后面加-es，构成复数。

3) 以-f, -fe结尾的名词，有两种情况。一种是直接在这些名词后-s，如：roof-roofs (屋顶), chief-chiefs (首领), serf-serfs(农奴), belief-beliefs (信念), proof-proofs (证据)。另一种是把-f, -fe改成-ves，如：knife-knives; wife-wives; life-lives。 4) 单复数形式变化特殊，如：datum-data(数据，资料), phenomenon-phenomena (现象), child-children, mouse-mice

2. participate (+in) vi. 参加，参与 participation n.参与 participant n. 参与者 She didn’t participate in the discussion. Children are encouraged to participate in the lives of their communities. 人们鼓励孩子们参与社团活动。

finance (for sth.) n. 资金；财政；金融 financial adj.财政的, 金融的 finance v. 给……提供资金 Finance for education comes from taxpayers. 教育经费来自纳税人。 the Minister of Finance 财政部长 London is a financial centre. 伦敦是个金融中心。 The building project will be financed by the government and public donations. 这个建筑项目将由政府出资以及公众捐款。

4. Choose from this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world’s poorest and bring hope for a better future to a community in need. in need 在困难中，在危机中 We are collecting money for families in need. 我们正在为有困难的家庭募捐。 There’s no need for sb. to do sth. 没必要做某事 There’s no need for you to come if you don’t want to. 如果你不想来，就不必来。