Chapter Three Section 3

Behaviors: Innate Humans walk on two legs. Whales swim at birth. Puppies chew.Learned Humans learn and develop language. Dogs can be disciplined (sit, stay, roll-over). Service animals!

Survival Behaviors Marking territory Birds singing, animals spraying, scratching Parenting Humans, whales, elephants, dogs raise their young Courtship Finding a mate, attracting a mate, movements/sounds Defensive Growling, fighting, rabbit (camo!) Finding food – Predator/prey – Gathering – Using tools Frigate Birds make an incredible mating dance and song to attract a mate. Here is a male puffing its chest and gobbling for a mate. Location: Galapagos, Ecuador

THE BATTLE AT KRUGER The video was shot in September Kruger National Park is in Zimbabwe/South Africa.

Seasonal Behaviors Migration Birds, insects, large herd animals

Wildebeest

Hibernation and Estivation Striped TurtleStriped Turtle hibernates. Hibernation is a period of inactivity in the winter months. Body functions slow and internal temperature drops. Spadefoot toad estivates. Estivation is a period of inactivity in the summer/dry months in desert animals. These animals will burrow into the ground to stay cool and keep their moisture.

How to animals know when to migrate? 1.Length of daylight 2.Temperature

Chapter Three Section 4: Adaptations and Survival

Adaptations: any characteristic that improves an individual’s ability to be SUCCESSFUL A chameleon’s toungechameleon’s tounge (to catch fast moving prey) A woodpecker’s beakwoodpecker’s beak (to mark territory as in the clip, and also drill into tree trunks for prey) A gecko’s camoflaugegecko’s camoflauge this onethis one is awesome, too A raven’s cleverness (kind of a gross clip, but AWESOME in showing how intelligence is an adaptation)raven’s cleverness A honeysuckle adapting to match a hummingbird moth for pollinationhoneysuckle adapting to match a hummingbird moth

Similar adaptations can lead to a: GENETIC BOTTLENECK

Example of bottleneck in the U.S. FLORIDA PANTHER Causes: Populations isolated from one another Habitat loss Overall decrease in population due to hunting and interactions with humans Effects: Population is genetically similar (related to one another) Inbreeding occurred Low birth rate, genetic issues, failure of reproductive organs, heart defects

How can the Florida Panther be helped at this point?

NATURAL SELECTION 1.Overproduction: More offspring are born than will live to become adults 2.Genetic Variation within a Population: The individuals in a population are different from one another 3.Struggle to Survive: Predation and other environmental pressures make “success” a challenge. 4.Success: Reproduction occurs amongst individuals that were strong enough, lucky enough and had the right set of genetic circumstances to survive.

1. Overproduction: More offspring are born than will live to become adults

2. Genetic Variation within a Population: The individuals in a population are different from one another

3. Struggle to Survive: Predation and other environmental pressures make “success” a challenge

4. Success: Reproduction occurs