Europeans in North America

Motives for European Conquest After seeing the Spanish successfully establish colonies in the Americas other European countries (England, Holland, France) also wanted colonies in the Americas

France Italian Giovanni da Verrazzano found New York harbor and surrounding areas Jacques Cartier found St. Lawrence River and Montreal Samuel de Champlain found Quebec Quebec became the center of the empire and by the early 1700s New France covered much of the Midwest of the U.S. New France had a lot of territory but not many people. They were more interested in trade and not settlement. French fur trade very important

England 1606 London investors help King James go to the Americas 1607 Jamestown settled (named after King James) Beginning was tough- Over 70% of population died there from disease, hunger, and warfare Eventually, King James takes it over and makes it a royal colony and they find tobacco, which made them a lot of money 1620s Quest for religious freedom leads Pilgrims to Plymouth, Massachusetts and Puritans to Massachusetts Bay (created family life)

The Netherlands 1602 Dutch created the Dutch East India Company for trade in the Indian Ocean 1606 Henry Hudson looking for sea route to East Asia lands in waterways in New York Fur trade established with Indians Dutch West India Trading Company established Very tolerant of other religions Not many colonists

Caribbean French took Haiti, Guadelopue, and Martinique English took Barbados and Jamaica Dutch got Aruba

Fight for North America The European settlements got bigger and soon they were all fighting for supremacy in North America Duke of York (England) takes area away from Dutch and renames it New York 13 colonies are settled mostly by English French-Indian War where England battles France France loses the war and leaves Americas

Native Americans French and Dutch cooperative with Indians because their relationship was based on fur trade English argued with Native Americans over land and religion

King Philip’s War 1675 King Philip’s war- one of the bloodiest battles between Native Americans and English Metacom- Native American aka King Philip attacked 52 villages in Massachusetts to begin conflict Colonists win after a year of fighting Native Americans continued to resist but couldn’t match the European weapons Disease, however, the number one killer of native population