Virginia Studies Review VS.2 & VS.3 ©2012 Henrico County Public Schools - J. Stanley

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Describe the relative location of Virginia.

Virginia is bordered to the east by the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered by five states: North Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky, West Virginia, and Maryland.

What are the five geographic regions of Virginia? 2 1 3 4 5 Regions of Virginia Regions of Virginia 4 1 2 5 3

The five geographic regions of Virginia are: Coastal Plain (Tidewater) Piedmont Blue Ridge Mountains Valley and Ridge Appalachian Plateau

Which region of Virginia has rolling hills west of the Fall Line? Piedmont

Which region of Virginia includes the Great Valley and is west of the Blue Ridge Mountains? Valley and Ridge

Which region of Virginia has flat land east of the Fall Line? Coastal Plain

Which region of Virginia has elevated land that is flat on top? Appalachian Plateau

Which region of Virginia has old, rounded mountains that are the source of many rivers? Blue Ridge Mountains

What are the major rivers in Virginia?

Four major rivers in Virginia are: Potomac River Rappahannock River James River York River

How did the water features of Virginia influence its development? Chesapeake Bay Major rivers Atlantic Ocean Lake Drummond

The Atlantic Ocean provided transportation links between Virginia and Europe, Africa, and the Caribbean. The Chesapeake Bay provided a safe harbor. Major rivers were sources for food and pathways for exploration. Lake Drummond was a shallow natural lake surrounded by the Dismal Swamp.

What is the largest peninsula in Virginia? The Eastern Shore is a large peninsula bordered by the Chesapeake Bay to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east.

Who were the first inhabitants of Virginia?

Eastern Woodland Indians Virginia’s Indian groups were known as the Eastern Woodland Indians and were in three major language groups: Algonquian (primarily in the Coastal Plain) The Powhatan were part of this group. Siouan (primarily in the Piedmont) The Monacan were part of this group. Iroquoian (in southwest Virginia) The Cherokee were part of this group.

What are some ways Virginia’s Indians adapted to the climate and the environment for their basic needs?

Foods changed with the seasons. Animal skins were used for clothing. Shelter was made from materials found around them.

What is the importance of Werowocomoco? Werowocomoco site

Werowocomoco was the headquarters of the leader of the Powhatan Indians. Archaeologists have recovered material evidence (artifacts) that give clues about the life of the Indians in early Virginia.

What are the state-recognized Indian tribes in Virginia today and where are they located? Located in the Coastal Plain Region Chickahominy Eastern Chickahominy Mattaponi Nansemond Pamunkey Rappahannock Upper Mattaponi Located in the Piedmont Region Monacan

Which state-recognized Indian tribe is located in this region? • Monacan

In which region are these seven state-recognized tribes located? Chickahominy • Nansemond Eastern Chickahominy • Pamunkey Mattaponi • Rappahannock • Upper Mattaponi

Why did England want to colonize America? England wanted to increase their wealth and power and open new markets for trade.

What was the importance of the charters of the Virginia Company of London? The charters of the Virginia Company of London were granted by the King of England giving the right to establish settlements in North America and extend English rights to the settlers.

Where was the first permanent settlement in North America in 1607? Jamestown

Who was the explorer credited with finding the site for the Jamestown settlement? Christopher Newport Jacques Cartier Captain John Smith

Why did the settlers choose the site at Jamestown? The site was easy to defend against enemy attacks from both land and sea. It provided adequate harbor facilities since the water along the shore was deep enough for ships to dock. It was thought to have a good supply of fresh, clean drinking water.

What was Jamestown’s system of government called? Jamestown was governed by the General Assembly which was made up of representatives called burgesses.

What was the impact of the arrival of Africans on the Jamestown settlement? The arrival of Africans against their will in 1619 made it possible for the settlement to expand its tobacco economy.

What was the importance of the arrival of women to the Jamestown settlement? The arrival of additional women in 1620 made it possible for more settlers to start families and settle permanently in Jamestown.

What hardships did the Jamestown settlers face? The site was marshy and lacked safe drinking water. The settlers lacked the skills necessary to provide for themselves. Many settlers died of starvation and disease.

What changes took place that resulted in the survival of the settlers? The arrival of supply ships The strong leadership of Captain John Smith The emphasis on agriculture

Who established a forced work program and initiated trading with the Powhatan Indians? Captain John Smith

How did the Powhatan people contribute to the survival of the settlers? The Powhatan traded mainly food with the settlers in exchange for tools, pots, and copper for jewelry. They showed the settlers how to plant corn and tobacco.

Who were these important Powhatan Indians?

Powhatan was chief of many tribes Powhatan was chief of many tribes. He provided leadership to his people and taught the settlers survival skills. Pocahontas was Powhatan’s daughter. She began a friendship with the settlers and believed they could live together peacefully.

Why did the relationship between the Jamestown settlers and the native peoples change? The native peoples realized the English settlement would continue to grow. They came to see the settlers as invaders who would take over their land.

Let’s review! The land features of Virginia vary depending on the region. There are _____ regions in Virginia. The water features provided sources of _____ and _____________ links. The three major language groups of the Virginia Indians were the ____________, __________, and __________. The native peoples depended on their ___________ for their basic needs. The first permanent English settlement in America was established at ___________. Jamestown was governed by the ______________, the first elected legislative body in English America. 5 food transportation Algonquian Siouan Iroquoian environment Jamestown General Assembly