Chapter 14 Land.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 14 Land

Land Use in the U.S. Rural Land: land with relatively few people and open area Forests Parks and preserves Cropland Rangeland and pastures other Urban land: area that contains 2,500 people and has a governing body.

Types of Rural Land Rangeland Forest land Cropland Parks and Preserves Graze livestock and wildlife Forest land Harvesting wood Fish Wildlife Cropland Grow food Parks and Preserves Recreation Aesthetic purposes Preserve native plants and animals Wetlands, mountains, deserts, etc Land that is difficult to use for human purposes

Global Population Trends

Why are people dependent on rural land, no matter where they live? Ecosystem services: services that are provided from natural environments that can have a monetary value associated with them Wood Food Water filtration Shelter Climate Flood control

If we rely on rural services then why do we live in urban areas? Green revolution Higher yields for same area. Less man power needed Industrialization Movement into cities

Positives to Moving to urban areas Better jobs Resources in smaller area Transportation More jobs

Negative impacts Urbanization: Rapid movement into cities which puts stress on infrastructure Infrastructure: all buildings, bridges, roads, schools, medical care, electricity, water etc. that a urban are uses. Urban sprawl- rapid expansion from urban area into the surrounding suburban area Heat island- increased temperature due to infrastructure Suburban sprawl- further movement into suburban areas.

Land Use Management: Land use planning- the advanced determination of how land will be used for homes, business, factories, and recreation.

Farmland aka Cropland 20% of US land that is used to grow crops and fruit. 250 million acres 1996 National Farmland Protection Program Strives to prevent Urban sprawl from taking over farmland

Rangeland 28% of U.S. land which is used to support vegetation found in grasslands, forests, deserts, but is not used for farming or timber. Soils tend to be infertile Mostly used for grazing animals such as cattle, sheep, goats. Important for the world’s meat supply.

Problems on the Range Overgrazing- allowing more animals to graze on an area than that area is capable of supporting. Tragedy of commons idea Leads to degradation and soil erosion

PUBLIC RANGELANDS IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1978 Limits heard size Create recovery periods when no herds allowed Kill invasive plants and plant native Increase grazing locations via water-hole creation.

Forest Land - forest that is planted and managed 28% of land ~1,800cm3 of wood used per person per day in world US uses 3.5 x as much as dvping countries Dvping countries use wood as main source of fuel. 3 types of forest Virgin forest - forest that has never been cut 2. Native forest - forest that is planted and managed Tree Farms - trees that are planted in rows and harvested like crops

Parks and Preserves 391 Federal Parks and Preserves in the United States Protect natural or historic areas Increase biodiversity Research Wilderness Wilderness Act of 1964- land that is protected from all types of development and exploitation.