Classifying the Elements 6.2

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Presentation transcript:

Classifying the Elements 6.2 Section 6.2-2 Classifying the Elements II

6.2-2 Alkali Metals Group The Alkali Metals group are the 1st column in on the left hand side of the periodic table. They (along with the alkaline earth metals) occupy the “s” sublevel. Elements in the group include Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), and Francium (Fr). Although Hydrogen is listed shown in this group, it is not part of the Alkali Metals as it is not a metal.

6.2-2 Alkali Metals Group ↓ In this periodic table, the colors of the boxes are used to classify representative elements and transition elements.

Properties of Alkali Metals: 6.2-2 Alkali Metals Group Properties of Alkali Metals: Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), & Francium (Fr) 1 Valence Electron → Becomes a +1 ion Shiny Solids Malleable & Ductile (easy to shape) Good Conductor of Electricity Low Density Low Melting Point (Temperature) Intense chemical reactions with air or water Not found as element, but in a compound such as NaCl

Alkaline Earth Metals Group 6.2-2 Alkaline Earth Metals Group The Alkaline Earth Metals group are the 2nd column in on the left hand side of the periodic table. They (along with the alkali metals) occupy the “s” sublevel. Elements in this group include Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), and Radium (Ra).

Alkaline Earth Metals Group 6.2-2 Alkaline Earth Metals Group ↓ In this periodic table, the colors of the boxes are used to classify representative elements and transition elements.

Alkaline Earth Metals Group 6.2-2 Alkaline Earth Metals Group Properties of Alkaline Earth Metals: Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), & Radium (Ra) 2 Valence Electrons → Becomes a +2 ion Relatively Malleable & Ductile (easy to shape) Relatively Good Conductor of Electricity Relatively Low Density Relatively intense chemical reactions with air or water Not found as element, but in a compound such as MgCl2 Basically, reactive, but not as reactive as Alkali Metals.

Transition Metals Group 6.2-2 Transition Metals Group The Transition Metals are the recessed group of elements located directly to the right of the Alkaline Earth Metals. This groups occupies the “d” sublevel when electron shells are being filled.

Transition Metals Group 6.2-2 Transition Metals Group ↓ In this periodic table, the colors of the boxes are used to classify representative elements and transition elements.

Transition Metals Group 6.2-2 Transition Metals Group Properties of Transition Metals: Metals in “d” sublevel High Melting Points Vary in Abundance Relatively High Density Some transition metals can have more than one ionic state. Used to fight corrosion (chromium) Used to add color to paint Cr2O3 (green) PbCrO4 (red) Used in coins (silver, copper, gold, nickel, zinc) Sterling Silver → Silver + 7.5% copper Bronze → Copper + Tin Brass → Copper + Zinc

6.2-2 Halogen Group The Halogen Group is located in the 2nd column in on the right hand side of the periodic table. They (along with the Nobel Gases and other nonmetals) occupy the “p” sublevel. Elements in this group include Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I), and Astatine (At). All of these elements are nonmetals.

6.2-2 Halogen Group ↓ In this periodic table, the colors of the boxes are used to classify representative elements and transition elements.

Properties of Halogens: 6.2-2 Halogen Group Properties of Halogens: Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I), & Astatine (At) 7 Valence Electrons → Becomes a -1 ion Very Reactive Poor Conductor of Electricity Exist as diatomic molecules Cl2, I2, Br2 Like to react with alkali and alkaline earth metals

6.2-2 Nobel Gases Group The Noble Gas or Inert Gas Group is located in the last column in on the right hand side of the periodic table. They (along with the halogen group elements and other nonmetals) occupy the “p” sublevel. Elements in this group include Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), and Xenon (Xe). All of these elements are nonmetals.

6.2-2 Nobel Gases Group ↓ In this periodic table, the colors of the boxes are used to classify representative elements and transition elements.

Properties of Nobel Gases: 6.2-2 Nobel Gases Group Properties of Nobel Gases: Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), & Xenon (Xe) 8 Valence Electrons → Does not become an ion Essentially, does not react. Helium → coldest refrigerant at -269 °C (remember, -273 ˚C is absolute zero). Argon used in light bulbs to keep the filaments from burning. Neon gas used in signs. Helium used in lighter than air balloons.

The End ! ! !