Chapter 29 Section 3

One of world’s highest mountain ranges: Hindu Kush Khyber Pass: Allows movement between Pakistan and Afghanistan Mountains keep cold air from C Asia from coming down in the winter Between degrees Indus River Valley

Indus River: lifeline Agriculture Hydroelectric Power Less than 10 inches of rain/year Farmers must irrigate Tarbela Dam One of world’s biggest producers of hydroelectric power Silt is building up

Most live in farming villages Women have few opportunities/freedoms Covered faces Islam 7% speak Urdu (national language) 64% speak Punjabi Ethnic violence Female Prime Minister assassinated Leader recently gave up office

Hindu Kush Mountains and highlands “Kush” means death Many invasions and migrations Many ethnic groups 2 official languages United by Islam Buffer State: Britain and Russia Today: Center of the war on terror Osama bin Laden still on the loose

3 powerful rivers Ganges, Brahmaputra, Meghna Mouth of Ganges Fertile soil Close to sea level Regular flooding Monsoon season Temps above 80 degrees Flood Action Plan: lessen effects, improve disaster management

Overpopulation 9 th most populous country in world 119 million people As many as Canada and Mexico combined in area the size of Wisconsin Hunger/Malnutrition Constant problem Population growing faster than food supply Few roads, bridges Most travel by boat

Lows of 600 ft above sea level To highs: Mt. Everest 29,028 ft 95 Statue of Liberties First person to climb it: Sir Edmund Hillary of NZ and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay in May 1953 Death toll: 95 people (including 40 Sherpa guides) Hot and humid Tropical crops 90% Hindu Welcomes tourists for hiking Sherpa: skilled mountaineers and guides

75% Buddhist Hinduism in low areas Buddhism in high areas Discourages tourism Preserve traditional culture

Means “magnificent island” Tear drop shaped Tropical climate Coconuts, rubber, tea 1/8 of world’s tea 2/3 covered in rainforest Deforestation is changing island’s weather Tamil minority Ethnic violence