How to write research proposal DR AIDA JAFFAR LECTURER FAM MED DEPARTMENT

Outline To understand importance of research proposal To understand the content of research proposal To know how to present research proposal http://researchstudies.co.nz/researchers/articles/how-to-present-a-research-proposal/

Importance of proposal To demonstrate that you are capable of independent critical thinking and analysis   To show that you are capable of communicating your ideas clearly. http://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/

Research proposal: content Title Introduction Objectives Literature review Methodology Gannt chart Budget http://thesishelpdesk.com/

What is the topic? Clinical issues Research gap Suggestion from previous studies readings http://thesishelpdesk.com/

Title Does your title briefly and precisely indicate the focus of the research? Clue to the readers Important key words Precise and simple describing the thesis

Introduction Introduce the area of research Review key publications Any gap in the knowledge Hypothesis Clinical importance and its benefits Justification Aims and objectives http://www.ed.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.58205!/fileManager/HowToWriteProposal.pdf

Literature review- function To avoid "reinventing the wheel". Gives credits to previous researcher. Demonstrates your knowledge of the research problem. Demonstrates your understanding of the theoretical and research issues related to your research question. To be able to critically evaluate relevant literature and to integrate and synthesize the existing literature. Provides new theoretical insights or develops a new model as the conceptual framework for your research. Paul T. P. Wong, Ph.D., C.Psych. How to Write a Research Proposal

Literature review-problems Lacking organization and structure Lacking focus, unity and coherence Being repetitive and verbose Failing to cite influential papers Failing to keep up with recent developments Failing to critically evaluate cited papers Citing irrelevant or trivial references Depending too much on secondary sources Paul T. P. Wong, Ph.D., C.Psych. How to Write a Research Proposal

Good vs Poor Lit Review A ‘good’ literature review….. …is a synthesis of available research …is a critical evaluation ….. has appropriate breadth and depth ….. has clarity and conciseness ….. uses rigorous and consistent methods A ‘poor’ literature review is….. …..an annotated bibliography ….. confined to description ….. narrow and shallow ….. confusing and longwinded ….. constructed in an arbitrary way http://www.ais.up.ac.za/med/tnm800/tnmwritingliteraturereviewlie.htm

Objectives General objective: main objective Specific objectives. Start with: To determine, to identify, to explore and etc. Please refer to Academic phrasebank.. http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/

Methodology Study design Research setting Sampling: sampling frame, sampling method, inclusion and exclusion criteria, sample size calculation Study tools or instruments: questionnaires, instruments (calibrated and validated) Study flow Statistical analysis Ethical consideration www.bluefinsolutions.com

Hilary Glasman-Deal: science research writing for non-native speakers of English

Gantt Chart June 2013 -January 2014 February 2014   June 2013 -January 2014 February 2014 March 2014 - June 2014 June 2015 -November 2015 September 2015 -November 2015 December 2015 - March 2016 April 2016 May 2016 Preparation of thesis proposal Presentation of thesis proposal Preparation & Submission of thesis application to ethics committee Data collection Data analysis Report writing Submission of thesis Presentation of thesis

Estimated Cost ITEMS ESTIMATED COST Stationery (Paper, Pen, Pencil) RM 100 Photocopy RM 300 Pendrive RM 40 Journal printing CISS Questionnaire in English & Malay RM 500 TOTAL RM 1040

Common mistakes Failure to provide the proper context to frame the research question. Failure to delimit the boundary conditions for your research. Failure to accurately present the theoretical and empirical contributions by other researchers. Failure to stay focused on the research question. Failure to develop a coherent and persuasive argument for the proposed research. Too much detail on minor issues, but not enough detail on major issues. Too much rambling -- going "all over the map" without a clear sense of direction. (The best proposals move forward with ease and grace like a seamless river.) Too many citation lapses and incorrect references. Too long or too short. Failing to follow the APA style. Slopping writing. Paul T. P. Wong, Ph.D., C.Psych. How to Write a Research Proposal

www.postgrad.com

This is just the beginning….

Be systematic Be organize Be calm Be on schedule

Data collection and analysis Avoid cheating! Must understand the analysis and their meaning.

Save the data!

Meeting with supervisor

Challenges… Mentally fit Focus Preparation

NO PLAGIARISM! www.pyrczak.com

ALL THE BEST