Amides are produced by reacting a carboxylic acid with ammonia or an amine.

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Presentation transcript:

Amides are produced by reacting a carboxylic acid with ammonia or an amine

 Amides are named as alkanamides.  In the IUPAC and common names the –oic acid or –ic acid endings are replaced by –amides.

An alkyl group bonded to N atom is named as N-alkyl in front of the amide name.

It is usually an organic compound that contains the functional group consisting of an acyl group (R-C=O) linked to a nitrogen atom (N). The term refers both to a class of compounds and a functional group within those compounds. It also refers to deprotonated form of ammonia (NH3) or an amine, often represented as anions R2N-.

The simplest amides are derivatives of ammonia wherein one hydrogen atom has been replaced by an acyl group. The ensemble is generally represented as….. RC(O)NH2

Closely related and even more numerous are amides derived from primary amines (R'NH2) with the formula RC(O)NHR'. Amides are also commonly derived from secondary amines (R'RNH) with the formula RC(O)NR'R. Amide are usually regarded as derivatives of carboxylic acids in which the hydroxyl group has been replaced by an amine or ammonia.

The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen is delocalized onto the carbonyl, thus forming a partial double bond between N the carbonyl carbon. Consequently the nitrogen in amides is not pyramidal. It is estimated that acetamide is described by resonance structure A for 62% and by B for 28%.