12.2

What type of system did Japan have for many years?  Feudal system-no contact with other nations

What was the result of this system?  Relative peace and prosperity for 2 centuries  No civil war

What was Japan’s initial response to Westerners who wanted to trade with them?  Japan refused to receive ships from Britain, France, America and Russia  Wanted to remain in isolation

Which country finally convinced Japan to open its ports for foreign trade?  The United States

How did they do it?  U.S. commodore Matthew Perry entered Tokyo Harbor with intimidating ships and cannons  Perry brought a letter from President Fillmore asking for ports to be open  Perry threatened to come back in a year with a bigger fleet for a reply  Japanese shogun realized he would have to back down-could not compete with American forces Signed the Treaty of Kanagawa which allowed for free trade in Japan

What is the term for Mutsuhito’s rule?  The Meiji Era (Enlightened Rule) Mutsuhito began his reign at the age of 14 Symbolized Japan’s sense of pride and nationalism

What strategy did the Japanese use to counter Western influence?  Modernization Sent diplomats to study European and American ways ○ Government, education, military Began to industrialize ○ By the 1900s Japan’s economy was as modern as any in the world

Japan Attacks China (Sino- Japanese War)  Cause-China breaks a “hands-off” agreement and invaded China  Events-Japan drove the Chinese out of Korea, destroyed the Chinese navy and gained a foothold in Manchuria (a region in China)  Results-China and Japan signed a peace treaty which gave Japan its first colonies: Taiwan and the Pescadores Islands

Russo-Japanese War  Cause-Russia refused an agreement to stay out of Korea in exchange for Japan’s offer to recognize their rights in Manchuria  Events-Japan drove Russian troops out of Korea and captured most of Russia’s Baltic Fleet  Results-U.S. President Roosevelt helps draft the Treaty of Portsmouth which gave Japan the captured territories and forced Russia to get out of Manchuria

Japanese Occupation of Korea  Cause-Korean King was unable to defend against the Japanese Army-Korea is annexed by Japan  Events-Japanese rule Korea very harshly Took over Korean schools, took land away from Korean farmers and forbid Koreans to start their own businesses  Result-Resentment of the Japanese grew and created a nationalist movement in Korea