BELLWORK 1. Why did Japan feel that the U.S. did not accept it as equal? 2. What happened to Japans population after WWI? What problem did this create? 3. Where did Japan expand to in 1931? Why was this a problem? 4. How did militarism influence daily life in Japan? 5. Who was Emperor Hirohito? 6. Define kamikaze. 7. THINKER: Summarize Japans shift to militarism! Why & how did it happen?

Why did Japan feel that the U.S. did not accept it as equal?

What happened to Japans population after WWI?

Where did Japan expand to in 1931? Why did they want to expand?

How did militarism influence daily life in Japan?

Who was Emperor Hirohito?

REVIEW List five things that caused the shift of the government towards militarism. List five things that caused the shift of the government towards militarism.

Japan Moves Away from Peace Japan lacked the land, materials, and markets to feed its rising population. Japan lacked the land, materials, and markets to feed its rising population. The Manchurian Incident: In 1931, Japanese troops captured several cities in Manchuria (Eastern China). The Manchurian Incident: In 1931, Japanese troops captured several cities in Manchuria (Eastern China). This increased the armys power over the government. This increased the armys power over the government. Japan refused to cooperate with peace treaties, so it withdrew from the League of Nations Japan refused to cooperate with peace treaties, so it withdrew from the League of Nations Naval officers helped assassinate the prime minister and put the general Hideki Tojo into power in Naval officers helped assassinate the prime minister and put the general Hideki Tojo into power in 1941.

Japanese Expansion Continued invasion of China Continued invasion of China Japan occupied major cities along Chinas East coast Japan occupied major cities along Chinas East coast Soldiers killed 200,000 civilians Soldiers killed 200,000 civilians The U.S., Soviet Union, and Britain all tried to protect peace and stop invasion in China. The U.S., Soviet Union, and Britain all tried to protect peace and stop invasion in China. Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere: Japan wanted to liberate Asia from European colonizers by extending their rule. Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere: Japan wanted to liberate Asia from European colonizers by extending their rule. In 1940, Japan allied itself with the Axis powers. In 1940, Japan allied itself with the Axis powers. Japan moved troops into French Indochina and the Dutch East Indies. Japan moved troops into French Indochina and the Dutch East Indies.

Should the U.S. enter WWII? Germany and Japan were big threats and increasing their aggression, but the U.S. was still deep in the Depression Germany and Japan were big threats and increasing their aggression, but the U.S. was still deep in the Depression The big question: The big question: SHOULD THE U.S. ENTER WWII? SHOULD THE U.S. ENTER WWII? Isolationism: Belief that the U.S. should stay out of war. Isolationism: Belief that the U.S. should stay out of war. Interventionism: Belief that the U.S. should give support and involvement to the Allies Interventionism: Belief that the U.S. should give support and involvement to the Allies

From Isolationism to War Congress passed a series of Neutrality Acts: banned the U.S. from providing weapons or loans to nations at war. Congress passed a series of Neutrality Acts: banned the U.S. from providing weapons or loans to nations at war. FDR limited what Japan could buy from the U.S., froze Japanese financial assets, ended sales of iron and steel, and cut off oil shipments. FDR limited what Japan could buy from the U.S., froze Japanese financial assets, ended sales of iron and steel, and cut off oil shipments.

Lend-Lease Act Prime Minister Churchill confessed to FDR that Britain was nearly bankrupt and needed more American equipment. Prime Minister Churchill confessed to FDR that Britain was nearly bankrupt and needed more American equipment. FDR provided war supplies to Britain without any payment in return. FDR provided war supplies to Britain without any payment in return. Lend-Lease Act: The President could aid any nation whose defense was vital to U.S. security. Lend-Lease Act: The President could aid any nation whose defense was vital to U.S. security. After Germany attacked the Soviet Union, FDR extended the Lend-Lease Act to the Soviets. After Germany attacked the Soviet Union, FDR extended the Lend-Lease Act to the Soviets. By the end of WWII, the U.S. had loaned or given away $49 billion of aid to over 40 nations. By the end of WWII, the U.S. had loaned or given away $49 billion of aid to over 40 nations.

Pearl Harbor Tensions continued to grow between the powers, until…… Tensions continued to grow between the powers, until…… December 7, 1941 Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, a naval base in Hawaii. December 7, 1941 Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, a naval base in Hawaii. Japans goal: hurt the American Navy so they couldnt interfere with expansion policies Japans goal: hurt the American Navy so they couldnt interfere with expansion policies 2,400 Americans were dead,1,200 were wounded, and 200 warships were destroyed. 2,400 Americans were dead,1,200 were wounded, and 200 warships were destroyed. December 8: FDR declared war on Japan. December 8: FDR declared war on Japan. December 11: Germany and Italy declared war on the U.S. December 11: Germany and Italy declared war on the U.S.

U.S.S. ARIZONA Most dramatic loss in Pearl Harbor attack. Most dramatic loss in Pearl Harbor attack. 1,177 dead 1,177 dead The wreck was not salvaged and continues to lie on the floor of the harbor. The wreck was not salvaged and continues to lie on the floor of the harbor.

Pearl Harbor Footage wSBLQ wSBLQ wSBLQ wSBLQ

December 8, 1941: U.S. declares war on Japan December 8, 1941: U.S. declares war on Japan December 11: Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S. December 11: Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.

CLOSURE In your notes, create a flow chart of events showing increasing tension between the U.S. and Japan. In your notes, create a flow chart of events showing increasing tension between the U.S. and Japan. Use all events to describe conflict leading up to the U.S. declaration of war. Use all events to describe conflict leading up to the U.S. declaration of war. ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** U.S. DECLARES WAR!!!