HYDRO POWER – PROSPECTS AND IMPACTS ON BANGLADESH Rezaur Rahman Professor Institute of Water and Flood Management Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

Hydropower the production of power through use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. most widely used form of renewable energy. produces no direct waste, and has a considerably lower output level of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide, than fossil fuel powered energy plants.

Hydro-electricity 675,000 MW of hydro-electricity approximately 20% of the world’s electricity accounting for about 88% of electricity from renewable sources.

Itaipu power plant largest hydroelectric power plant in the world located between Brazil and Paraguay. can generate 12,600 MW of power. height of the dam reaches 196 meter and the length 7.76 km. lake created by the project spreads over 1,350 sq. km and contains 29 billion tons of water. cost of the project stands at US$20 billion.

Hydropower prospects in Bangladesh flat terrain - limited potential the rivers in the CHT hold such potentials. Kaptai on Karnafuli river generating 218 MW of power. other potential rivers are Matamuhuri and Sangu.

Hydropower prospects in the Himalayan countries CountryInstalled generation capacity (MW) Hydropower developed (MW) Hydropower potential (MW) Bangladesh4, Bhutan ,670/30,000 India124,28732,30084,000/150,000 Nepal ,000/83,000

Types of hydropower plants Run-of-river plants Storage plants

Micro hydro power plants

Major hydropower plant

Advantages of hydropower generation Economics Greenhouse gas emissions Multi-purpose use

Disadvantages of hydropower generation Hazard Limited Services Life Environmental damage Population relocation

Comparison with other methods of power generation Cost Renewable Emission of flue gas Limited sites

Karnafuli Hydro Power Station 230 MW generation capacity reservoir size is 777 sq. km Economic development Social disruption

Tipaimukh dam located on the Barak River in Manipur State of India multi-purpose - electricity generation and flood control electricity generation capacity MWs risk of dam failure impact on haor eco-system

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