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El Niño

History of El Niño 15th Century settlers to Peru and Ecuador first wrote about El Niño It is named after Christ, as the warm water current usually arrived in late December around Christmas

History of El Niño Coral in the Galapagos show evidence of El Niño events since the mid 1500’s Changes in air pressure and rainfall have been recorded for over 100 years in Darwin, Australia

What is El Niño? Changes in the ocean & atmosphere in the south Pacific Ocean Major changes to weather around the world Also called ENSO (El Niño- Southern Oscillation) Add in a video clip here?

Eastern Pacific Western Pacific Be sure to clarify that we are on the west side of the continent but the east side of the ocean. Western Pacific

Normal Conditions Winds & currents move from East to west at the equator Warmer water accumulates in the western pacific

Normal Conditions

Normal Conditions In the eastern pacific, colder water from deep in the ocean moves upward to replace the water that has moved west. This is called A. Uprising B. Upwelling C. El Niño

Normal Conditions In the eastern pacific, colder water from deep in the ocean moves upward to replace the water that has moved west. This is called A. Uprising B. Upwelling C. El Niño

Normal Conditions Upwelling A. causes storms B. causes boat accidents C. makes more fish to come to the area D. makes less fish to come to the area

Normal Conditions Upwelling C. makes more fish to come to the area A. causes storms B. causes boat accidents C. makes more fish to come to the area D. makes less fish to come to the area

Summary of Normal Conditions

Summary of Normal Conditions Warm, wet weather in western Pacific (Indonesia) Cooler, dry weather in eastern Pacific (Peru) Upwelling causes good fishing off the coast of Peru

El Niño Conditions Winds blowing from east to west become weaker Less water moves from east to west (sometimes moves from west to east!) More warm water in the Eastern Pacific

El Niño Conditions More warm water in the Eastern Pacific causes A. Less upwelling B. Less fishing C. Changes in weather in the Eastern and Western Pacific D. All of the above!

El Niño Conditions More warm water in the Eastern Pacific causes A. Less upwelling B. Less fishing C. Changes in weather in the Eastern and Western Pacific D. All of the above!

Worldwide Effects of El Niño Increased rainfall in South America (Eastern Pacific) FLOODS Less rain in Australia & Indonesia (Western Pacific) DROUGHTS, FOREST FIRES

Effects of El Niño in North America Warmer winters in Midwest, East Coast Wetter, cooler weather in CA, Southwest Drier weather in Washington & Oregon Increased erosion on Pacific Coast Fewer hurricanes in Atlantic Ocean

Worldwide Effects of El Niño Dry Warmer Wet, cool Less Rain More rain

El Niño & Global Warming A natural phenomenon Could be intensified because of global warming Add in video clip #2

Video Clips: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FVZrw7bk1w https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MzcKBeW44ao Add and edit for beginning.

p. 198 CYU 2, 3, 4, 5

p. 198 CYU 2, 3, 4, 5 2. Propose a way to determine whether a salt water solution is unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated. 2. Your answer here! Sample: Add a gram of salt to the solution. If it dissolves, the solution was unsaturated. If it remains solid but no solid comes out of solution, the solution was saturated. If solid comes out of the solution, the solution was supersaturated.

p. 198 CYU 2, 3, 4, 5 3. Explain why chewable medication is usually faster-acting in your body than the same medication enclosed in a pill. 3. Chewing the medication increases its surface area so that it can dissolve faster. 4. Describe the steps you would take to make hot chocolate as quickly as possible using cold milk and a chocolate bar. 4. Your answer here! Sample: Warm the milk so it will melt the chocolate and stir the chocolate as it melts. 5. Determine whether your sweat would evaporate more quickly if there were 92% humidity or 37% humidity. 5. Sweat would evaporate more quickly when there is 37% humidity.