History & Demographic Structure of Phila. Mapping Angles

Sections:  Philadelphia Population: Statewide Historical Context  Choropleth maps  Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and nearby  Time trend  Philly itself:  Spatial History  Map choices  Law Behaving  1920s Delinquency Data

United States Census  U.S. Constitution  Requires census of population  Every ten years  Used for redistricting House of Representatives   Methods changed over years  Can use Census Figures for Historical Trends Census HQ in Maryland

Pennsylvania Counties  Pennsylvania Counties Pittsburgh is within Allegheny County

History of Pennsylvania Population by County Using Maps  Legend  How many groups?  What are ranges within each group?  Map type: choropleth map  “shows numerical data … for a group of regions by  (1) grouping the data into classes, and  (2) shading each class on the map.” Prentice Hall. “Making maps with GIS.” ,00.html

1790 Population By County

1850 Population By County Note legend change

1900 Population By County Note legend change again

1950 Population By County

2000 Population By County

Philadelphia: more detail over time  Line charts  X Axis (horizontal): organizing variable (time)  Y axis (vertical): variable being measured (population)

Steady growth,

Peak population

Sources of growth?

 Immigration  Foreign  Domestic  Growth of Jobs  Manufacturing  Commerce (ship, railroad)  Incorporation  Surrounding towns incorporated (1854)

Compared to Pittsburgh (Allegheny Co.)?

When did Pittsburgh’s Steady Growth Begin?

1880

 Did Pittsburgh every reach 2 million?

 From 1880 to 1930, where Philly and Pittsburgh adding about the same number of people every year?

Since the Two lines Are PARALLEL Over time, We will say yes

 What was happening in Philadelphia’s two adjoining counties to the west?  Delaware  Montgomery?

As late as 1930, The population in each Was only about _____

Sections:  Philadelphia Population: Statewide Historical Context  Choropleth maps  Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and nearby  Time trend  Philly itself: History  Map and demographic data within Philly  Choices  Modifiable areal unit problem

Philadelphia 1681 Small port city on Delaware River

The Old Commercial Center?  Hard to pinpoint  Approximate:  Customs house would be nearby  Foreign vessels

Carpenters Hall, Custom’s House Between. 3 rd, 4 th below Chestnut St.

x Lower Dock Area X = Carpenter Hall Circle= Society Hill, Olde City

Over time, the harbor spread Both to the north and south

As it spread, warehouses And canneries And cheap housing for Immigrants working in harbor Or related industries grew up Over time became substandard, Increasingly crowded. Often, only housing affordable for Bottom rung workers

Over time, housing Expands outward, Back from harbor; Along major routes, Horse drawn trolley, Then trolley Newer housing more $ As housing ages, it Gets cheaper

Same time, Downtown expanding Businesses taking Over Poor Residential districts Downtown Expands to Meet Increasing Population to be Served In the city and beyond

because …. Different types of people live in different places Ebenezer Maxwell Mansion, Chestnut Hill Vacant Houses, West Philadelphia

Social Space maps onto physical space  1930 Status Differences across Election wards  Variable: Median Rent from 1930 Census  4 groups  11 wards each  DARK = HI  RENT  LIGHT = LOW  RENT

PBS NewsHour 10/2/202  dec02/hwl_10-2.html# dec02/hwl_10-2.html#  Mayor Street’s Neighborhood Transformation Initiative