Olena Mykolaichuk State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate, Ukraine IAEA - General Conference - Senior Regulators Meeting - 22 September 2011

I. Domestic event (1/4) immediate steps in regulatory response to the event: Activate crisis arrangements; Ensure reliable communication with the on-site team, reinforce the team as needed; Retrieve all relevant information as for the facility affected; Search for precedents and applicable proven solutions; Communicate with the IAEA and fellow regulators as well as other counterparts in accordance with established arrangements immediate regulatory challenges: understand, explain, advise IAEA - General Conference - Senior Regulators Meeting - 22 September 2011

I. Domestic event (2/4) First questions to answer: What has really happened? How it could happen? Which mitigation measures should be taken? How the event will evolve? What about other facilities and sites? Two levels of communication: Those involved in management of event and mitigation of consequences – proper arrangements should be in place and exercised National and local authorities, politicians, national and international NGOs, media, public – be prepared and ready to deal with unfriendly environment IAEA - General Conference - Senior Regulators Meeting - 22 September 2011

I. Domestic event (3/4) accessing the event and its evolution – looking for root- causes and turning points Good safety case will provide good basis Look into similar events, domestic and abroad, even at different facilities Valuable input could be provided by country of design origin All the technical and scientific support available should be used Knowledge exchange and information exchange, including within regional and technological communities, are musts Communication with the Government, media and public should be not forgotten The aim is to provide a proper basis for planning and implementing measures to mitigate the consequences, prevent recurrence and avoid occurrence of other events IAEA - General Conference - Senior Regulators Meeting - 22 September 2011

I. Domestic event (4/4) Lessons learnt should be implemented via targeted safety/security reassessment of all other facilities/activities in order to: identify similar safety deficits; verify measures to overcome such deficits All safety deficits discovered should be addressed either via implementation of safety/security enhancement provisions or via phase-out of non-compliant facilities or activities – it’s Regulator’s duty and destiny to explain the harsh reality to operators, Government and public and to enforce the proper actions International cooperation and benchmarking could play a key role Transparency is a must to regain public confidence and public support IAEA - General Conference - Senior Regulators Meeting - 22 September 2011

II. Event abroad (1/3) First questions to answer: What has really happened? Will it influence our country? Do we need to take iodine pills? As event evolves: Could it happen in our country? Do we have such facilities? What are you doing to prevent such event in our country? Are you sure that we do not need any measures to be taken? IAEA - General Conference - Senior Regulators Meeting - 22 September 2011

II. Event abroad (2/3) Regulator to be reliable source of information: Start from the first day Update the web-site as often as appropriate Be proactive (press conferences, press releases, press lunches) Use information provided by IAEA and fellow regulators (bilateral and multilateral arrangements would help) Never consider the public less intelligible than yourself Communicate as soon as possible about domestic activities intended to prevent occurrence of similar events and enforce implementation of safety/security enhancement provisions IAEA - General Conference - Senior Regulators Meeting - 22 September 2011

II. Event abroad (3/3) Forget about excuses like: Different types and designs of facilities; Different external conditions You could always learn valuable lessons to prevent occurrence of similar events via enforcing implementation of safety/security enhancement provisions Transparency, peer reviews and benchmarking may add headaches but surely provide you with added value in terms of comprehensiveness and public acceptance If eventually serious safety deficits discovered – follow Article 6 of the Nuclear Safety Convention IAEA - General Conference - Senior Regulators Meeting - 22 September 2011

III. Conclusive remarks To be ensured knowledge-management system cooperation arrangements exercises and constant learning process permanent awareness constant safety improvement process harsh decisions if needed To be avoided complacency secrecy self assurance and arrogance IAEA - General Conference - Senior Regulators Meeting - 22 September 2011