Acids and Bases pH Calculations pH scale

pH Scale Created to express acidity as a more simple number than molarity. pH stands for “power” of the hydrogen ion concentration. pH = - log [H+] If . . . [H+] = 1 x 10-7 then pH = 7 (neutral) [H+] = 1 x 10-3 then pH = 3 (acid) [H+] = 1 x 10-10 then pH = 10 (base) It is based on a logarithmic scale which has a base power of 10. A pH of 1 differs from a pH of 2 by a factor of 10.

How to calculate pH…. What is the pH of a solution with a [H+] = 4.2 x 10-10M? pH= -log [H+] = -log (4.2 x 10-10) = 9.38 Enter into calculator like this or, Enter 4.2 x 10-10 in calculator and hit log button, then remove (-) sign.

To find the [H+] from pH [H+] = 10-pH Determine the [H+] of a solution with a pH = 6.35. [H+] = 10-pH [H+] = 10-6.35 [H+] = 4.47 x 10-7 M Find the “log” button on your calculator Above this button it should say “10x” You can use the 2nd key and this button to “un-log” the pH. But, remember to put the (-) sign on the pH first!!

pOH We can also express the [OH-] as pOH pOH = -log [OH-] pOH stands for the “power of the hydroxide ion.” pOH<7 is basic pOH=7 is neutral pOH>7 acidic

pH and pOH together pH + pOH =14 What is the pH of a solution which has a pOH of 11.2 ? Is this solution acidic or basic? pH + 11.2 = 14 pH = 2.8 So, the solution is acidic.

What is the pH of a solution with a [OH-] = 4.0 x 10–11M? Step 1: Find pOH pOH = -log[OH-] = -log (4.0 x 10-11) = 10.40 Step 2: Find pH using pH + pOH = 14 pH + 10.40 = 14 pH = 3.60