A Novel Approach to Teaching Visual-spatial Skills in Wire Navigated Procedures Jenniefer Y. Kho, M.D. J. L. Marsh, MD, Geb Thomas, PhD, Brian Johns, MS, Don Anderson, PhD University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
Aided by a Grant from the Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation
Introduction Surgical simulation in orthopaedic trauma is lacking
Benchtop models Leong et al. Validation of orthopaedic bench models for trauma surgery. JBJSBr Atesok. Surgcial Simulation in Orthopaedic Skills Training. JAAOS 2012;20:
Yehyawi et al. A simulation trainer for complex articular fracture surgery. JBJS 2013.
Blyth. A simulation-based training system for hip fracture fixation for use within the hospital environment. Injury Virtual Reality Simulator
Froelich et al. Surgical Simulators and Hip Fracture: A Role in Residency Training? Journal of Surgical Education Haptic-based simulator
Background Wire navigation, or the ability to target a wire to a precise location through an osseous trajectory, is a fundamental skill in orthopaedic surgery.
Aims Develop a radiation-free electromagnetic sensor-based wire navigation simulator in a proximal femur model Determine if simulator training improves performance in novice (PGY-1) surgeons Compare novice and expert (senior residents/staff) surgeons
TrakStar simulator development
Methods 6 PGY-1 residents Sawbones pretest Simulator training (3 trials) Sawbones posttest
Methods 6 PGY-1 residents Sawbones pretest Simulator training (3 trials) Sawbones posttest - Tip-apex-distance - Time - # fluoro shots - # of attempts
Methods 6 PGY-1 residents Sawbones pretest Simulator training (3 trials) Sawbones posttest
Methods TAD 20.9mm – 53 images TAD 17.8mm – 50 images TAD 12.05mm – 42 images Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3
Methods 6 PGY-1 residents Sawbones pretest Simulator training (3 trials) Sawbones posttest - Tip-apex-distance - Time - # fluoro shots - # of attempts
Methods 6 PGY-1 residents Sawbones pretest Simulator training (3 trials) Sawbones posttest PGY-4/Staff - Tip-apex-distance - Time - # fluoro shots - # of attempts
Results * Mean+SD Table 1. Pre vs posttest (PGY-1)
Results Table 2. Novice vs expert surgeons * Mean+SD
Results of simulator practice in all groups
Discussion TrakStar wire navigation simulator can distinguish novice and expert surgeons – Increased TAD in novice surgeons Practice on the simulator leads to decreased time and fluoroscopic shots, but no difference in TAD (actually increased)
Discussion Simulator needs to be affordable, user- friendly, demonstrate validity – Trakstar is expensive – Need further validation studies Currently testing the simulator in graduate students and more senior surgeons