Caesar’s English II Lesson XI

GRAT (PLEASING) GRATIFICATION, INGRATIATE, GRATUITOUS GRAT means pleasing. Gratification is when you are pleased; to ingratiate yourself with someone means trying to please him and win him over; and a gratuitous assumption is unfounded; it is one that might please you, but it has no good reason or evidence, so it is pleasing, but probably false! Spanish…gratificación

curr (run) current, recur, incur CURR means run. A current runs in a stream; something recurs when it happens again, like a rerun; and to incur costs means to run into them! Spanish…incurrir

trans (across) transfer, transfusion, transcendent TRANS means across. To transfer means to move things across from here to there; a transfusion moves blood across from a person or bottle to another person; and transcendent things are superior--they cross beyond anything previously done. Spanish…transcendente

migr (wander) migrate, migratory, transmigration MIGR means wander. To migrate is to wander or move to a new place; migratory birds fly south for the winter, as though they were wandering through the skies; and the transmigration of souls is the idea that souls wander to a new being at death! Spanish…transmigración

rupt (break) abrupt, corrupt, disrupt RUPT means break. An abrupt change is a sharp break in an event; a corrupt official has broken morals; and to disrupt an event is to break it up! Spanish…abrupto

Advanced Word: Gratuitous The adjective gratuitous means unfounded or unmerited. It might be pleasing to you, but it is not necessary or based on evidence. In Thomas Hardy’s 1886 novel The Mayor of Casterbridge, he wrote that “A gratuitous ordeal was in store for her in the matter of her handwriting.” Henry David Thoreau used gratuitous in his 1854 Walden, to say that we should care for our neighbor: “We should feed and clothe him gratuitously sometimes.”

Caesar’s English II Lesson XI Stem meaning Example GRAT PLEASING gratitude CURR RUN current TRANS ACROSS transfer MIGR WANDER migrate RUPT BREAK interrupt

Toady : Ingratiate :: current : event corrupt : crime transfuse : blood bird : migrate

Toady : Ingratiate :: current : event corrupt : crime transfuse : blood bird : migrate

Transfer : Goods :: hunger : gratify corrupt : money transfuse : blood costs : incur

Transfer : Goods :: hunger : gratify corrupt : money transfuse : blood costs : incur

Find the best opposite. INCUR avoid recur current transfer

INCUR avoid recur current transfer

GRATUITOUS transcendent justified corrupt disrupted

GRATUITOUS transcendent justified corrupt disrupted

Caesar believed that his military abilities were ___________. ambuscaded current transcendent disrupted

Caesar believed that his military abilities were ___________. ambuscaded current transcendent disrupted

The senators believed that Caesar’s decision was merely __________. recurring omniscient migratory gratuitous

The senators believed that Caesar’s decision was merely __________. recurring omniscient migratory gratuitous

Barbarian uprisings ____________ in Gaul throughout the decade. recurred transfused transmigrated reiterated

Barbarian uprisings ____________ in Gaul throughout the decade. recurred transfused transmigrated reiterated

The Grammar of Vocabulary: gratuitous, an adjective. Cicero delivered a diatribe of gratuitous insults. ________________________________________

Caesar’s Classic Words Challenge From Charles Dickens’s David Copperfield This was entirely a __________ assumption. recurrent corrupt gratuitous transcendent

From Charles Dickens’s David Copperfield This was entirely a __________ assumption. recurrent corrupt gratuitous transcendent

From James Hilton’s Lost Horizon Shangri-La was interesting enough to _________ these attitudes. disrupt incur transmigrate transcend

From James Hilton’s Lost Horizon Shangri-La was interesting enough to _________ these attitudes. disrupt incur transmigrate transcend

From Joseph Conrad’s Lord Jim He kept on trying to __________ himself with all. ingratiate transfer disrupt migrate

From Joseph Conrad’s Lord Jim He kept on trying to __________ himself with all. ingratiate transfer disrupt migrate