ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF SEISMIC VULNEARBILITY AND RETROFIT MEASURES - A MULTICRITERIA ANALYSIS Iuliana Armaş Maria Boştenaru

Overview  Analysis scales  Review existing Methods  Actors  Ontology  Indicators  Analytical hierarchy  Automated methods  Structural – socio-economic analysis interdependence  Conclusions

Analysis scales  Element  Building  Neighbourhood/ci ty level

Existing methods  Urban scale  At urban planning level there were Fingerhuth and Koch who clarified the moderating role of the architect, among experts, passive public and active affected people.  At regional planning level it was Strassert (1995) developing a method of balancing we will later employ.  Building scale  Inclusion of the factor cost into multicriteria decision analysis has been done more recently by the team of Caterino et al (2007 and 2009), with a view to bracing of a reinforced concrete building, but employing passive damping.  For technical decision we built upon the book of Malczewski (1999) regarding spatial problems.  For the role of the architect Richter (course work) made a role model in the decision space between goals, resources, benefits and costs.  In renovation the model used in Weissenhof was described by Nägele (1992). Also Nägele (1992) employed balancing.  The ATC-40 considers a series of actors specifically for seismic retrofit. Both the latter employ matrixes (decision tables).  The role of the users were considered also by Ottokar Uhl in the model developed for the Hollabrunn in the 1970s, the glory time of participatism.

Urban scale - Actors  Geologist  Civil engineer  Economic- inhabitant  Social - inhabitant

Building - Actors  Architect  Civil engineer  Social - inhabitant  Economic - investor

Actors in WHE  Architect  Civil engineer  Socio-economic aspects  Proiect management

Exemple of interwar building WHE  WHE

Building ontology > IT

Indicators building

Indicators in WHE  Taxonomy in progress

Urban ontology (COST TU0801 training school)  Sisi

Analitical hierarchy urban

Indicatori - urban

Methods of indicator aggregation  pair-wise comparison and outranking techniques were used to weight the relative importance of alternatives in the groups of sub- criteria, based on expert knowledge.

Analytical hierarchy building

Interdependence structural – socio- economic

Formulas – principle of addition Total reparation cost = reparation cost for yield/crush colum x nr. of yield crush/columns + Reparation cost for spall column x nr. of spall columns + Reparation cost for rifts colum x nr. of rifted colums + Reparation cost for yield/crush beam x nr. of yield/crush beams + Reparation cost for spall beam x nr. of spall beams + Reparation cost for rifts beam x nr. of rift beams While the numbers can be counted with the procedure shown before Total preventive retrofit costs = Costs for a measures device x nr. of elements Alternatively a project management software can be employed.

Comparison to agent based automated method  Computer tools can aid local decision makers in postearthquake disaster staff. Fiedrich (2004) proposed the integrative model EQ-RESQUE to support the prioritisation of intervention zones and the efficient allocation of help- and-rescue resources through action proposals. A distributed simulation system (high level architecture) connects its two interacting components:  simulation of the dynamic disaster environment and of the work of resources;  decision process modelling using software agents mathematically optimised with expert knowledge concerning the multiple tasks and the communication structures and decision competences within the disaster staff.

Conclusions  Positive aspects:  Easy to follow and to understand decision process, especially for the stakeholders  Drawbacks:  Subjective approache to a high degree  Improvement proposals:  New algorythm ?

Thank you Iuliana Armaş Maria Boştenaru Bucharest